Extra strengthening and work hardening in gradient nanotwinned metals

Cheng, Zhaohui; Zhou, Haofei; Lu, Qian; Gao, Huajian; Lü, Lei

doi:10.1126/science.aau1925

Cited by 535 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, dislocations of the type 2 slip system need additional stress (0.8 GPa) to pass through the twin boundary [17]; that is, even if the Schmid factors are equal, dislocations still require more stress in the type 2 slip system than in the type 3 slip system to drive macroscopic deformation. The dislocation density results reported in previous studies support this theory [13,14,18].…”

Section: Tuning Of Microstructure With Different Additives During Elesupporting

confidence: 79%

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Tensile Properties of <111>-Oriented Nanotwinned Cu with Different Columnar Grain Structures

Chen

2020

Materials

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We performed tensile tests on highly <111>-oriented nanotwinned copper (nt-Cu) foils with different columnar grain structures. For a systematic study, we altered the microstructure of the foils by tuning the electroplating electrolyte and annealing temperatures under a nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the yield strength ranges from 300 to 700 MPa, and elongation spans from 5% to 25%. Knowing the measured twin spacing and average grain size, and combining the confined layer slip with the Hall–Petch equation, we calculated the theoretical yield strength of the nt-Cu with different microstructures, and the theoretic values match the experiment results. Owing to the unique crystal orientation properties of <111>-oriented columnar grains, dislocations induced by slip are very limited. The Schmid factor of grains along the tensile axis direction is highly identical, so the plastic deformation is much more suitably explained by the Schmid factor model. Thus, we replace the Taylor factor with the Schmid factor in the slip model of nt-Cu.

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Section: Tuning Of Microstructure With Different Additives During Elesupporting

confidence: 79%

“…To conduct tensile tests, columnar nanotwinned copper with high elongation nearly all have had a film thickness of 100 µm [7,14,15]. In this study, we fabricate 20 µm thick foils, which is the thickness needed for redistribution layer (RDL), via direct current electroplating for mechanical tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile Properties of <111>-Oriented Nanotwinned Cu with Different Columnar Grain Structures

Chen

2020

Materials

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“…The trade-off between the strength and ductility becomes a fundamental challenge in creating high-performance structural materials [6]. To address this issue, heterostructures with large microstructural heterogeneities were introduced in struc tural materials [5,[7][8][9], such as bimodal grains [10], gradient grains [11][12][13], gradient nanotwins [14], nanolaminae [15] and heterogeneous laminae [7]. Such heterostructures were created through developing advanced processing technologies without the variation of composition, including severe plastic deformation, surface grinding or rolling, and electrodeposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterostructures: new opportunities for functional materials

Zhang

2019

Materials Research Letters

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Heterostructures with large microstructural heterogeneities have been introduced in structural materials for superior strength-ductility combinations, but their effects on functional properties remain little explored. Here I highlight the enormous potential of heterostructures to resolve conflicting properties in functional materials. The challenges, strategies and prospects of heterostructured functional materials are discussed. Rational design of heterostructures will open up new opportunities for creating functional materials with unprecedented performance or new functionalities. This Perspective aims to draw the attention of scientific community to the emerging heterostructured functional materials and to trigger intense fundamental and applied researches on this topic. IMPACT STATEMENTThe performance of functional materials could be significantly enhanced through engineering heterostructures, and the combination of heterostructures and hybrid materials will open up new opportunities for functional materials. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…This strategy has also been adopted to improve the mechanical properties of metal and alloy. Researchers from Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, introduced structure gradient of twin boundaries into a copper film by electrodeposition, which simultaneously enhanced strength and work hardening ( Figure ) . The strength–ductility trade‐off has also been successfully tackled in high entropy alloys recently by scientists from University of Science and Technology Beijing .…”

Section: Osfu‐related Exploration For Improved Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comprehensive tensile properties of ordered gradient nanotwin structure (GNT) are superior to those of gradient nanocrystalline (GNG) by inhomogeneous deformation mechanism, multilayer and uniform nanotwin (NT) structures. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2018, The Authors, published by The American Association for the Advancement of Science.…”

Section: Osfu‐related Exploration For Improved Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordered Structures with Functional Units as a Paradigm of Material Design

Chen

2019

Advanced Materials

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applied in many fields such as information, energy, and security technologies. [4][5][6] It should be noted that we do not particularly introduce the research progress of metamaterials due to the limited length of the Essay, and readers can find many review articles in the literature. [7][8][9][10] Currently, most researches focus on the relationship between compositions/crystal structure and properties, but the effect of functional units/ordered structure on material properties has received relatively little consideration. If larger functional units instead of a single atom or molecule can be arranged and assembled in a certain order, this will lead to abnormal (exceptional) physical properties. There have been some reports on pursuing novel properties by designing and assembling functional units, which can be either artificial microstructures, or simply the natural domains, phases, twins, components or heterostructures of materials. Here, we will summarize these works and propose a "paradigm" of material research through designing and constructing ordered structures with functional units (OSFU). We hope to draw the attention of researchers to this OSFU concept, and promote the development of this strategy toward deeper understandings and broader applications. OSFU-Related Exploration for Improved Properties Optical PropertiesStructural colors are frequently found in animals or plants, which originate from light interfering with their sub-micrometer photonic structure features. The well-known examples include peacock feather, butterfly wing, and opal crystal. Researchers from MIT found the colored stripe of the bluerayed limpet results from the light interference with the photonic architecture embedded limpet shell. [11] The OSFUscalcite lamellae in this case are stacked in a co-orientated manner forming periodically layered zig-zag architecture. The photonic multilayer system serves as an optical interference filter to produce the strong blue reflection. Scientists at University of Geneva studied the active color change in chameleons (Figure 1). [12] It was demonstrated that there are two layers of dermal iridophores with functional units of guanine nanocrystals arranged in a triangular lattice underneath the epidermis, and the arrangement of these OSFUs is responsible for the color change. When a chameleon is relaxed, the functional guanine nanocrystals are closely spaced with a small Realizing new functions through the construction of ordered structures not only exists naturally in nature, but also in artificial materials. However, much research focuses more on the relationship between structure and performance rather than on the impact of functional units themselves. Reviewing previous research findings, a "paradigm" of material research is proposed, which is based on ordered structures with functional units (OSFU) such as compositions, phases, domains, and twins. The goal is to draw more intensive attention of researchers to this concept and thus to promote the development of this field toward a deeper and ...

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Extra strengthening and work hardening in gradient nanotwinned metals

Cited by 535 publications

References 53 publications

Tensile Properties of <111>-Oriented Nanotwinned Cu with Different Columnar Grain Structures

Tensile Properties of <111>-Oriented Nanotwinned Cu with Different Columnar Grain Structures

Heterostructures: new opportunities for functional materials

Ordered Structures with Functional Units as a Paradigm of Material Design

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