Extra-mantle Genetic Types of Diamond and Prospects for the Kamchatka Diamond-bearing Province of Russia

Abstract

The results of studies of two new genetic types of diamonds discovered in Kamchatka and formed in extra-mantle conditions are presented, as evidenced by the absence of signs of post-crystallization annealing with the formation of aggregated nitrogen defects in them. The first of these types is defined by us as volcanic-atmoelectrogenic, formed directly in a volcanic ash-gas cloud due to deep-seated methane due to atmospheric electrical discharges. The second genetic type of diamonds, formed at a depth in the medium of a magmatic-pneumatolithic-hydrothermal ore deposit, can be defined as explosive-tuffizite. The industrial prospects of manifestations of these types give grounds to state the discovery in Russia of a new diamond-bearing province – Kamchatka.