Extinction following partial and continuous primary and secondary reinforcement.

A Discrimination Training Procedure to Establish Conditioned Reinforcers for Children With Autism

“…As would be predicted based on previous research on conditioned reinforcement (e.g., Morningstar, Myers, & Myers, ; Myers, ), responding eventually decreased for all participants during the posttest condition. These orderly data indicate that an important next step in research is the development of methods for maintaining responding after pairing.…”

“…Last, several previous studies that investigated the discrimination training procedure to condition reinforcers evaluated the schedule of reinforcement used during discrimination training (e.g., Lauten & Birnbrauer, 1974;Lovaas et al, 1966;Morningstar et al, 1966;Myers, 1960;Myers & Myers, 1963). Myers and Myers examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on the effectiveness of the S D as a conditioned reinforcer with typically developing children.…”

Secondary Reinforcement with Preschool Children

“…This, however, is doubtful, for the variation in the present study is not much different from that in a study in which strong secondary reinforcement effects was found(14). It may be that much of the variance within groups is due to wide variation between Ss in initial free operant levels.…”

“…Some Ss in this experiment were trained under experimental conditions similar to those used by Myers (14). First, there is the possibility of aversive properties of the buzz.…”

Research Review: Dopamine transfer deficit: a neurobiological theory of altered reinforcement mechanisms in ADHD

“…Another important aspect of learning under partial reinforcement is that such learning is more resistant to extinction. This is known as the partial reinforcement extinction effect, or PREE (Myers, 1960). The partial reinforcement extinction effect has been extensively studied in animals but there is little experimental evidence from humans as yet.…”