Extinction coefficient per CdE (E = Se or S) unit for zinc-blende CdE nanocrystals

Li, Jiongzhao; Chen, Jialiang; Shen, Yong‐Miao; Peng, Xiaogang

doi:10.1007/s12274-018-1981-4

Cited by 52 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…As seen, the as‐prepared Li 3 VO 4 particles exhibits clear edges, but they are accumulated into new particles without clear profiles in the following cycles . The pulverization of electrode materials upon Li + intercalation/extraction was generally observed in conversion anode material such as Cu 2 O, MnO, NiO, and also in alloy type anode such as Si and Ge . The reaction activity of electrode material increases along with the reduction of particle size owing to enhanced reaction areal and shortened lithium ion diffusion pathway.…”

Section: Progress For Li3vo4 Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadate‐Based Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: The Search for Anodes for Practical Applications

Liu

Chao

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

179

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include new concepts for the morphology and microstructure variation of electrode materials for Li-, Na-ion batteries upon cycling, including electrochemical activation, electrochemical sintering, and electrochemical reconstruction; and multiple-element vanadates as anodes for Li-and Na-ion batteries (i.e., Li 3 VO 4 ), especially focusing on Liand Na-ion storage mechanisms and inner mechanisms affecting the performance.

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Section: Progress For Li3vo4 Anode Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadate‐Based Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: The Search for Anodes for Practical Applications

Liu

Chao

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

179

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“…18,100 This device enables a direct real-time TEM visualization of changes of NWs at atomic-to nanoscale during electrochemical reaction processes in an ionic liquid electrolyte, which provides critical mechanistic insight for designing an advanced battery. 18,74,100,129 These researchers in this area sequentially attempted to use this configuration to study the microstructural changes of different anode and cathode materials, such as Si, 74,130 Ga, 131 Ge, 14,132 54 Tang, et al, reported a new nanoporousnetwork anode by dispersing Si on porous reduced graphene oxide, which not only improves the Si electrical conductivity and supplies a support for Si, but also significantly relaxes the variation in volume and aggregation of Si NPs upon charging/discharging. 58 This novel anode exhibits a large specific capacity and robust cycling stability after 100 cycles.…”

Section: Achievements Of the In Situ Tem Electrochemical Technique Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Germanium-based.-Ge is another promising candidate electrode material to obtain high-capacity LIBs, because of its high volumetric capacity second only to Si, and its high gravimetric capacity, though it is more expensive than Si. 14,17,117,132 The dynamic morphological changes of germanium (Ge) NPs during electrochemical lithiationdelithiation cycling may open a new way in exploring an effective healing agent for a high-performance LIB with durable, high-capacity, and high-rate composite electrodes. 45 The Ge NPs remained robust without any remarkable cracking despite ∼260% volume changes after multiple cycles, as compared to the size-dependent fracture of Si NPs in the first lithiation.…”

Section: Achievements Of the In Situ Tem Electrochemical Technique Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…45 The lithiation of crystalline Ge NWs underwent a two-step phase transformation process, formation of an intermediate amorphous Li x Ge shell that surrounds the remaining core of Ge, followed by final crystalline Li 15 Ge 4 . 14,132 In situ TEM pictures showed the evolution of the Ge NWs upon lithiation (Figure 7). The Li 2 O formed on the Li metal contacts with the GeNW and diffused onto the GeNW surface as a SE under a −2 V bias potential (Figure 7a).…”

Section: Achievements Of the In Situ Tem Electrochemical Technique Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review—Promises and Challenges of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Electrochemical Techniques in the Studies of Lithium Ion Batteries

Xie

Jiang

Zhang³

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) electrochemistry with high-resolution characterization of morphology and microstructure is a powerful and practical technique to observe and analyze the lithiation and delithiation process of Li ions in the cathode and anode for comprehensively understanding the performance of Li-ion batteries (LIB), the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and the aging process during the investigation of LIBs. This review mainly focuses on the development and achievements of in situ TEM electrochemical techniques in investigating the mechanism of LIBs in recent years. Three types of in situ TEM electrochemical holders that are used commonly in the characterization of LIBs are presented. A calculation method for quantitative determination of the lithium diffusion coefficient (D Li ) in electrodes with in situ TEM electrochemical technique is also mentioned. Finally, the challenges, limitations, and future work for during application of the in situ TEM-electrochemistry technique are further discussed and reviewed from the perspective of morphology, influence of electron radiation on the decomposition of electrolyte, configuration of electrode, and determination of The heavy dependence on fossil fuels in modern society has brought serious environmental problems including air pollution, water pollution, CO 2 emissions, and global warming.1-3 These issues, as well as the foreseeable worldwide energy shortage, strongly demand renewable alternative sources and clean energy such as solar cells, hydroelectric power, and wind energy, which require advances in electrical energy conversion and storage technologies.4-6 Electrochemical devices such as batteries and electrochemical capacitors to store and restore electrical energy are possible solutions in the near-term because the conversion between electrical and chemical energy shares a common carrier (electrons).2,7-9 Moreover, compared to traditional batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are more compact, portable, and have a high gravimetric capacity and power density, owing to the lighter molecular weight of lithium. 10,11 LIBs are widely used in present-day portable electronic gadgets such as mobile phones, laptops, tablet computers, and video camcorders, and the medical and aerospace industries for storing photovoltaic-generated dc electricity.12,13 Although possessing many advantages and in high demand, radical progress of such devices like LIBs has not been attained as yet because of their intrinsic complexity.14,15 There are many concurrent electrochemical, physical, and mechanical processes during their operation, 14,16 therefore, to enhance the overall properties of LIBs with high energy-density and long cycle-life, these aforementioned processes should operate in a predictable way across multiple environments.14 Until now, many basic principles regarding battery operation, including atomic conversion mechanism, electrode degradation, and evolution of electrolyte, are poorly understood.14 Recently, in situ electroch...

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“…10,11,21 This material arrangement removes the requirement for conductive additives and binders, increasing the gravimetric efficiency of the anode and offering potential for major full-cell (FC) energy density improvements. [21][22][23] A variety of NW geometries (including pure Si, 11,[24][25][26][27] pure Ge, 10,18,28,29 Si/Ge alloy, 30 branched NWs, [31][32][33] coated NWs 29,34 ) have been illustrated as high specific capacity materials. Significantly, new binder-free alloying material architectures have also recently been shown to be compatible with higher areal capacities required for practical devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlighting the Importance of Full-Cell Testing for High Performance Anode Materials Comprising Li Alloying Nanowires

Geaney

Bree

Stokes

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Herein, the electrochemical performance of directly grown Ge nanowire anodes in full-cell Liion configurations (using lithium cobalt oxide cathodes) are examined. The impacts of voltage window, anode/cathode balancing and anode preconditioning are assessed. The cells had a useable upper cutoff of 3.9 V, with a higher voltage cutoff of 4.2 V shown by SEM analysis to lead to Li plating on the anode surface. The rate performance of Ge NW anodes was shown to be boosted within full-cells compared to half-cells, meaning that existing studies may underestimate the rate performance of alloying mode anode materials if they are only based on half-cell investigations. The capacity retention of the full-cells is lower compared to equivalent half-cells due to progressive consumption of cyclable Li. This phenomenon is demonstrated using a parallel anode and cathode delithiation approach that could be extended to other fullcell systems. The findings stress the importance of testing promising anode materials within full-cell configurations, to identify specific capacity fade mechanisms that are not relevant to half-cells and aid the development of higher energy density storage systems.

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Extinction coefficient per CdE (E = Se or S) unit for zinc-blende CdE nanocrystals

Cited by 52 publications

References 47 publications

Vanadate‐Based Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: The Search for Anodes for Practical Applications

Vanadate‐Based Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries: The Search for Anodes for Practical Applications

Review—Promises and Challenges of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Electrochemical Techniques in the Studies of Lithium Ion Batteries

Highlighting the Importance of Full-Cell Testing for High Performance Anode Materials Comprising Li Alloying Nanowires

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