External skeletal fixation in large animals: A review
Milena Carol Sbrussi Granella,
Anderson Fernando de Souza,
André Luis do Valle De Zoppa
Abstract:External skeletal fixation (ESF) was first adapted for veterinary medicine in 1934; this fixation method consisted of devices for stabilizing musculoskeletal injuries, such as fractures, dislocations, tendon ruptures, and angular deviation; using transcortical pins or wires connected in sidebars or cast to cover the region of instability. The evolution of orthopedics in veterinary medicine, together with the development of diagnostic imaging and the field of anesthesia, has allowed a substantial increase in su… Show more
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