External sex differences in stored-products Coleoptera

Halstead, D.G.H.

doi:10.1017/s0007485300048665

Cited by 332 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Luego cada frasco se infestó con 10 parejas de S. zeamais de no más de siete días de edad para así evitar alteraciones en los resultados por la presencia de la segunda generación de los insectos. La diferenciación de sexos se realizó mediante el criterio de Halstead (1963), quien señala que el rostrum de la hembra es evidentemente más largo y menos ornamentado que el del macho.…”

Section: Materials Y Métodosunclassified

Búsqueda de plantas con propiedades insecticidas para el control de Sitophilus zeamais en maíz almacenado

Silva

Orrego

Hepp

et al. 2005

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Se evaluaron, bajo condiciones de laboratorio, 23 plantas en polvo para el control de Sitophilus zeamais Mots. en maíz almacenado. En una primera etapa se evaluaron todos los polvos a una concentración del 1,0% (p/p). Posteriormente aquellos polvos con mejores resultados fueron probados en concentraciones del 0,1, 0,5, 1,0 y 2,0% en granos de maíz infestados con los insectos a las 24 horas, 30, 60 y 90 días. Se evaluaron 63 tratamientos distribuidos en un diseño experimental completamente al azar y el ensayo se repitió tres veces. En la primera etapa, la mayor mortalidad de insectos se obtuvo con Chenopodium ambrosioides L. y Peumus boldus Mol. con 65,8% y 99,3%, respectivamente. Estos tratamientos también propiciaron la menor emergencia de adultos, mientras que la pérdida de peso de los granos no superó el 13,0%. En las evaluaciones a diferentes concentraciones mostraron una mayor mortalidad y menor emergencia a concentraciones del 1,0% y 2,0% (p/p), obteniéndose para C. ambrosioides una mortalidad del 90,3% y 90,1% y para P. boldus 97,1% y 98,8%, respectivamente. La residualidad se mantuvo sólo en el tratamiento de 24 horas.

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Section: Materials Y Métodosunclassified

Búsqueda de plantas con propiedades insecticidas para el control de Sitophilus zeamais en maíz almacenado

Silva

Orrego

Hepp

et al. 2005

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Weevils used were obtained from laboratory stocks, and the culturing techniques used have been described by Walgenbach et al (1983). Dimorphic rostral characteristics (Halstead, 1963) were used to separate the sexes.…”

Section: Insects and Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of grain quantity on the biology of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): oviposition, distribution of eggs, adult emergence, body weight and sex ratio

Danho

Gaspar

Haubruge

2002

Journal of Stored Products Research

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Studies were conducted to observe the effect of grain quantity on the oviposition, distribution of eggs, adult emergence, adult body weight and sex ratio of Sitophilus zeamais, an important pest of maize. Three quantities of maize grains (200, 400 and 800 grains/glass jar of 1 l) were used under laboratory conditions (301C and 70% r.h.). Twenty five male/female pairs of maize weevil were introduced into each glass jar for 12 d. The greatest and lowest number of eggs was laid on batches of 800 and 200 grain kernels, respectively. The total number of grains attacked followed a similar trend. The aggregation of eggs expressed as a ratio of the variance to mean increased as the amount of maize grains was increased. The aggregation parameter k ranged from 2.35 on 200 grains to 4.49 on 800 grains. On average, a significantly higher proportion of grains were infested (90%) when less grain was present. Emergence of adult weevils was, however, maximal (472 individuals/glass jar) when the grain quantity was highest. The mean weight of the emerged adults was not significantly influenced by grain quantity, but female weevils were heavier than males (mean weight 3.16 vs. 3.05 mg) irrespective of maize quantity and eggs laid. Sex ratio (males/100 females) of emerged adults did not differ among treatments. The importance of grain quantity, and of oviposition, in internally feeding granivores and the possibility that there is an adaptive reproductive strategy are discussed. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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“…The morphology of the insect proboscis was used for sexual differentiation. [28][29][30] Four replicates of the treated and untreated controls were laid out in Complete Randomized Block Design (CRD) and arranged on the laboratory work bench for observation. Insect mortality was assessed every 24 hours for four days.…”

Section: Collection Of Maize Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic effects of two botanical entomocides as pest-protectants in maize grains

2016

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Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky infestation causes severe post-harvest losses of cereal grains in Nigeria leading to major nutritional and economic losses. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the efficacy of Myrcianthes fragrans and Aframomum melegueta seed powders and methanol extract as well as their synergetic effects on S. zeamais. The ability of the plant products to protect maize grain against S. zeamais infestation was assessed in terms of mortality 24 to 96 h posttreatment, oviposition, and adult emergence, weight loss and grains damage. M. fragrans and A. melegueta products significantly cause adult mortality of S. zeamais. M. fragrans products were the most toxic as it evoked 100% adult mortality within 24 h of application while A. melegueta products evoked 100% mortality of S. zeamais at 48 and 72 h post treatment, respectively. The synergetic effects of the plant products caused 100% adult mortality at 48 and 72 h post-treatment, respectively. Oviposition, adult emergence, weight loss and damage of the maize grains treated with the plant products were completely inhibited compared with untreated grains. The results obtained revealed that 2 g and 2% sole application of M. fragrans and mixed application of M. fragrans and A. melegueta products were effective in controlling Sitophilus zeamais post-harvest infestation and grain damage and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticide in ensuring steady supply of maize grains, thus ensuring food security as the plants are of medicinal and nutritional quality.

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External sex differences in stored-products Coleoptera

Abstract: The known external characters, and some new ones, for separating the sexes of pupae and adults of stored-products Coleoptera are described and in many cases figured.

Cited by 332 publications

References 11 publications

Búsqueda de plantas con propiedades insecticidas para el control de Sitophilus zeamais en maíz almacenado

Búsqueda de plantas con propiedades insecticidas para el control de Sitophilus zeamais en maíz almacenado

The impact of grain quantity on the biology of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): oviposition, distribution of eggs, adult emergence, body weight and sex ratio

Synergetic effects of two botanical entomocides as pest-protectants in maize grains

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