External Reflection from Omnidirectional Dielectric Mirror Fibers

Hart, S. R.; Maskaly, Garry R.; Temelkuran, Burak; Prideaux, Peter H.; Joannopoulos, John D.; Fink, Yoel

doi:10.1126/science.1070050

Cited by 292 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…As a direct consequence of such bandgap, the radiation of waves with given polarization by any source placed anywhere inside this structure is prohibited, and the two-dimensional density of states (DOS) [8] is zero. This result is in sharp contrast to directional reflection [5,6,7] in conventional layered dielectric structures, which reflect only electromagnetic waves launched from air or a low-index medium. In the periodic structures with usual dielectrics a source dipole can emit radiation of both polarizations, indicating that the complete gap is absent and propagating TE and TM modes are always present.…”

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confidence: 67%

Complete Band Gaps in One-Dimensional Left-Handed Periodic Structures

2005

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Artificially fabricated structures with periodically modulated parameters such as photonic crystals offer novel ways of controlling the flow of light due to the existence of a range of forbidden frequencies associated with a photonic bandgap. It is believed that modulation of the refractive index in all three spatial dimensions is required to open a complete bandgap and prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves in all directions. Here we reveal that, in a sharp contrast to what was known before and contrary to the accepted physical intuition, a one-dimensional periodic structure containing the layers of transparent left-handed (or negative-index) metamaterial can trap light in three-dimensional space due to the existence of a complete bandgap.PACS numbers: 42.70. Qs, 41.20.Jb, 78.67.Pt Photonic crystals are artificial materials with a periodic modulation in the dielectric constant which can create a range of forbidden frequencies called a photonic bandgap [1]. Photons with frequencies within the bandgap cannot propagate through the medium. This unique feature can alter dramatically the properties of light, enabling control of spontaneous emission in quantum devices and light manipulation for photonic information technology [2]. Photonic bandgap structures can also be found in nature, and they explain the color diversity of some of the living creatures [3].Complete two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) bandgaps can be realized in photonic crystals, where the refractive index is periodically modulated in two or three dimensions, respectively [1]. Such modulation is necessary to satisfy the Bragg condition simultaneously for all propagation directions, requiring that phase accumulation per period is close to a multiple of π, so that the waves reflected at different interfaces between the regions with low and high refractive indexes interfere constructively and wave propagation is prohibited for any incidence angle. Manufacturing of 3D photonic crystals still remains a technological challenge due to the requirements of large index contrast and high fabrication precision.The simplest periodic structure, both in geometry and manufacturing, is a one-dimensional stack of two types of layers which differ in the dielectric constant [4]. However, such structures may only possess partial bandgaps for certain ranges of propagation directions. Here we study the scattering properties of one-dimensional periodic structures containing layers made of the so-called left-handed metamaterials (LHMs)-artificially created composites which are characterized by simultaneously negative dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability. Such materials are transparent and can bend light in the opposite direction to normal reversing the way in which refraction usually works [10]. We demonstrate that specially designed one-dimensional structures with negative refraction may exhibit a complete three-dimensional bandgap. First, we show that a layered structure made of two alternating layers of left-handed materials and conv...

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confidence: 67%

Complete Band Gaps in One-Dimensional Left-Handed Periodic Structures

2005

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“…Equation (12) implies that we have a gap with zero width near ω 0 . Therefore, it is unlikely to realize a transmission band inside the zero-n -gap (like in Figure 1) in realistic systems, when materials ' dispersions are correctly taken into account.…”

Section: Basic Concept and Extraordinary Properties Of The Zero-n -Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics of the zero- photonic gap: fundamentals and latest developments

et al. 2012

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A short overview is presented on the research works related to the zero-n -gap, which appears as the volume-averaged refraction index vanishes in photonic structures containing both positive and negative-index materials. After introducing the basic concept of the zero-n -gap based on both rigorous mathematics and numerical simulations, the unique properties of such a band gap are discussed, including its robustness against weak disorder, wide-incidence-angle operation and scaling invariance, which do not belong to a conventional Bragg gap. We then describe the simulation and experimental verifi cations on the zero-n -gap and its extraordinary properties in different frequency domains. After that, the unusual photonic and physical effects discovered based on the zero-ngap and their potential applications are reviewed, including beam manipulations and nonlinear effects. Before concluding this review, several interesting ideas inspired from the zero-ngap works will be introduced, including the zero-phase gaps, zero-permittivity and zero-permeability gaps, complete band gaps, and zero-refraction-index materials with Dirac-Cone dispersion.

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“…If EM wave incident at any angle with any polarization cannot propagate in PCs, the total OBG can be achieved. The larger OBGs have been widely used in various modern applications, such as omnidirectional high reflector [6], all-dielectric coaxial waveguide [7], and omnidirectional mirror fiber [8]. The multilayer periodic structure has been always applied in enhancement the OBGs as described in most works [9][10][11] but the researchers pay more attention on the disordered dielectric structures in recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Omnidirectional Photonic Band Gaps in Fibonacci Quasi-Periodic One-Dimensional Superconductor Photonic Crystals

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Kong³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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Abstract-In this paper, the properties of the omnidirectional photonic band gap (OBG) realized by one-dimensional (1D) Fibonacci quasi-periodic structure which is composed of superconductor and isotropic dielectric have been theoretically investigated by the transfer matrix method (TMM). From the numerical results, it has been shown that this OBG is insensitive to the incident angle and the polarization of electromagnetic wave (EM wave), and the frequency range and central frequency of OBG cease to change with increasing Fibonacci order, but vary with the ambient temperature of system, the thickness of the superconductor, and dielectric layer, respectively. The bandwidth of OBG can be notably enlarged with increasing the superconductor thickness. Moreover, the frequency range of OBG can be narrowed with increasing the thickness of dielectric layer and ambient temperature. The damping coefficient of superconductor layers has no effect on the frequency range of OBG under lowtemperature conditions. It is shown that Fibonacci quasi-periodic 1D superconductor dielectric photonic crystals (SDPCs) have a superior feature in the enhancement frequency range of OBG. This kind of OBG has potential applications in filters, microcavities, and fibers, etc.

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External Reflection from Omnidirectional Dielectric Mirror Fibers

Cited by 292 publications

References 18 publications

Complete Band Gaps in One-Dimensional Left-Handed Periodic Structures

Complete Band Gaps in One-Dimensional Left-Handed Periodic Structures

Physics of the zero- photonic gap: fundamentals and latest developments

Properties of Omnidirectional Photonic Band Gaps in Fibonacci Quasi-Periodic One-Dimensional Superconductor Photonic Crystals

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