External Quality Assurance Schemes (EQUASs) and Inter-laboratory Comparison Investigations (ICIs) for human biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) biomarkers in urine as part of the quality assurance programme under HBM4EU

Nübler, Stefanie; Esteban, Marta; Castaño, Argelia; Mol, Hans; Müller, Johannes; Schäfer, Moritz; Haji-Abbas-Zarrabi, Karin; Hajšlová, Jana; Pulkrabová, Jana; Dvořáková, Darina; Urbancová, Kateřina; Koch, Holger M.; Antignac, Jean‐Philippe; Sakhi, Amrit Kaur; Vorkamp, Katrin; Burkhardt, Therese; Scherer, Max; Göen, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114169

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In in vitro experiments performed on Caco-2 monolayers, around 25% of AOH was absorbed reaching the basolateral compartment 3 h after apical exposure, either as the parent compound or the conjugated metabolites AOH-3- O -glucuronide, AOH-9- O -glucuronide, and AOH-3- O -sulfate (Burkhardt et al 2009 ; Nübler et al 2023 ). The apparent permeability coefficient (P app ) was determined as 8.1 ± 2.6 10 –6 cm/s for unconjugated AOH and as 34.9 ± 5.6 10 –6 cm/s for total AOH after 1-h incubation with 20 µM AOH.…”

Section: Toxicokinetics Including Biotransformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health

Louro,

Vettorazzi,

López de Cerain

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

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Fungi of the genus Alternaria are ubiquitous plant pathogens and saprophytes which are able to grow under varying temperature and moisture conditions as well as on a large range of substrates. A spectrum of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with toxic potential has been identified, but occurrence and relative proportion of the different metabolites in complex mixtures depend on strain, substrate, and growth conditions. This review compiles the available knowledge on hazard identification and characterization of Alternaria toxins. Alternariol (AOH), its monomethylether AME and the perylene quinones altertoxin I (ATX-I), ATX-II, ATX-III, alterperylenol (ALP), and stemphyltoxin III (STTX-III) showed in vitro genotoxic and mutagenic properties. Of all identified Alternaria toxins, the epoxide-bearing analogs ATX-II, ATX-III, and STTX-III show the highest cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic potential in vitro. Under hormone-sensitive conditions, AOH and AME act as moderate xenoestrogens, but in silico modeling predicts further Alternaria toxins as potential estrogenic factors. Recent studies indicate also an immunosuppressive role of AOH and ATX-II; however, no data are available for the majority of Alternaria toxins. Overall, hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins focused, so far, primarily on the commercially available dibenzo-α-pyrones AOH and AME and tenuazonic acid (TeA). Limited data sets are available for altersetin (ALS), altenuene (ALT), and tentoxin (TEN). The occurrence and toxicological relevance of perylene quinone-based Alternaria toxins still remain to be fully elucidated. We identified data gaps on hazard identification and characterization crucial to improve risk assessment of Alternaria mycotoxins for consumers and occupationally exposed workers.

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Section: Toxicokinetics Including Biotransformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health

Louro,

Vettorazzi,

López de Cerain

et al. 2023

Arch Toxicol

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“…The comparability, reliability and quality of the samples from the HBM4EU Aligned Studies and the newly measured biobanked samples from the participating DEMOCOPHES studies was ensured by enforcing the sample analysis in the laboratories participating in the ICI/EQUAS, organized as part of the HBM4EU initiative, which is described by Esteban et al [32], and, in some specific papers, for each of the substance groups analyzed [26][27][28][29]33,34].…”

Section: Exposure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Patterns in Internal Human Exposure Data to Bisphenols, Phthalates, DINCH, Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Cadmium and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Europe

Rodriguez Martin,

Gilles,

Helte

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Human biomonitoring (HBM) data in Europe are often fragmented and collected in different EU countries and sampling periods. Exposure levels for children and adult women in Europe were evaluated over time. For the period 2000–2010, literature and aggregated data were collected in a harmonized way across studies. Between 2011–2012, biobanked samples from the DEMOCOPHES project were used. For 2014–2021, HBM data were generated within the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. Time patterns on internal exposure were evaluated visually and statistically using the 50th and 90th percentiles (P50/P90) for phthalates/DINCH and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in children (5–12 years), and cadmium, bisphenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in women (24–52 years). Restricted phthalate metabolites show decreasing patterns for children. Phthalate substitute, DINCH, shows a non-significant increasing pattern. For OPFRs, no trends were statistically significant. For women, BPA shows a clear decreasing pattern, while substitutes BPF and BPS show an increasing pattern coinciding with the BPA restrictions introduced. No clear patterns are observed for PAHs or cadmium. Although the causal relations were not studied as such, exposure levels to chemicals restricted at EU level visually decreased, while the levels for some of their substitutes increased. The results support policy efficacy monitoring and the policy-supportive role played by HBM.

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“…PAHs are generated through incomplete combustion from natural and industrial sources, such as volcanic activities, forest fires, vehicle emissions, and smoking. They are present in various environmental media, including water, air, plants, and livestock [3]. The US Environmental Protection Agency has identified 16 primary PAH compounds as environmental pollutants [4], with four regulated as the 4sum PAHs: benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CRY), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-friendly fabrication of novel hydrophobic CMC–C18@MWCNTs nano-sorbent for fat content removal in the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fatty-food samples

Thabet,

Al-Sodies,

Al Zahrani

et al. 2024

Mater. Res. Express

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In this study, a new eco-friendly carbon nanohybrids was developed by hybridizing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) biopolymer with various amounts of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs: 0.2, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5%) to produce hydrophobic CMC–C18@MWCNTs, which was then used as a sorbent material for fat content in fatty food samples analysis. The hydrophobic biopolymers were synthesized using an ultrasound-assisted esterification process, and the physicochemical properties were analyzed using FT-IR, XRD, TGA, FE-SEM, and TEM. The performance of the hydrophobic nanocomposites was evaluated by assessing their ability to remove fat content during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) analysis in tuna samples. The results showed that CMC–C18–CNT0.2% provided the best peak shapes and highest recoveries for PAHs compounds, ranging between 74.3 and 89.7%, while CMC–C18–CNT5% had the lowest recoveries, ranging between 0 and 35%. Therefore, the lowest amount of MWCNTs was found to be the most efficient for removing fat content with providing high PAHs recovery, while increasing the MWCNTs percentage increased the hydrophobicity and removed PAHs analytes along with fat content. After the investigation, the method was validated using CMC–C18–CNT0.2% in three various levels: 2, 5 and 10 µg/kg. The obtained results were satisfactory; the average recoveries for all PAHs compounds ranged between 74.3 to 89.7%, and the intra-day precision were estimated by coefficient of variation (%CV), where were less than 10% for all PAHs. The LOD and LOQ were lies between 0.33 to 0.89 µg/kg and 1.12 to 1.92 µg/kg respectively. For the calibration curve linearity, the correlation coefficient (r2) were higher than 0.999 for all PAHs. Overall, the hydrophobic CMC–C18@MWCNTs are a promising, modifiable, and useful material for fatty food analysis.

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External Quality Assurance Schemes (EQUASs) and Inter-laboratory Comparison Investigations (ICIs) for human biomonitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) biomarkers in urine as part of the quality assurance programme under HBM4EU

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health

Hazard characterization of Alternaria toxins to identify data gaps and improve risk assessment for human health

Time Patterns in Internal Human Exposure Data to Bisphenols, Phthalates, DINCH, Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Cadmium and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Europe

Eco-friendly fabrication of novel hydrophobic CMC–C18@MWCNTs nano-sorbent for fat content removal in the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fatty-food samples

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