External jugular vein thrombosis secondary to deep tissue neck massage

Raju, Sneha; Byrne, John

doi:10.1016/j.jvscit.2017.05.002

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Most of these are caused by trauma, central venous catheterisation, intravenous drug use, infections and extrinsic compression by tumours. Other aetiologies described are thrombophilia, Lemierre’s syndrome, proximal humeral fracture, thoracic outlet syndrome and aneurysms [1,2,4] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computed tomography used to be the gold standard diagnostic test for vessel thrombosis [1] , but recent publications recommend neck ultrasound as the modality of choice [2] . In addition, point-of-care ultrasound, performed by trained physicians, has been shown to be a cheap, accessible, easy-to-learn test that provides an excellent sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis, among other conditions [5] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The treatment of choice for external jugular vein thrombosis remains controversial since it depends on the underlying cause and comorbidities [2,4] . There is a high risk of potentially fatal thromboembolic events in patients with internal jugular vein thrombosis, who must receive anticoagulation treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a high risk of potentially fatal thromboembolic events in patients with internal jugular vein thrombosis, who must receive anticoagulation treatment. However, the risk of embolism is far less clear in patients with external jugular vein thrombosis [2] and the therapeutic approach differs from one case report to another, including options such as anticoagulation [4] , surgical removal [3] and even symptomatic conservative treatment [2] . Further studies are needed in order to assess optimal treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further studies are needed in order to assess optimal treatment. Currently, management of external jugular vein thrombosis should be made based on the risk factors, comorbidities and preferences of the patient [2] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Idiopathic External Jugular Vein Thrombosis

Villanueva

Ruiz

2019

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine

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External jugular vein thrombosis is a rare complication that, when it occurs, is usually secondary to cervical trauma, infection, venous cannulation or malignancy. By contrast, spontaneous external jugular thrombosis is extremely uncommon. We report the case of a 69-year-old woman presenting to the Emergency Department with a 3 centimetre neck lump, which had suddenly appeared on the same day. She did not have any other relevant symptoms. The patient had not suffered any recent cervical trauma or infection. There was no personal or familial history of thromboembolic disease. Physical examination was normal, apart from the neck mass. A neck ultrasound revealed a non-occlusive thrombus inside the right external jugular vein. Usual workup, including a coagulation laboratory profile, autoimmunity and malignancy research, was unremarkable, identifying the thrombosis as idiopathic. Anticoagulation treatment was started, leading to a complete resolution of the thrombus, without recurrence. The sudden appearance of a painless cervical mass, without any identified triggering factor, is not common. The possibility of a jugular thrombosis should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of an isolated neck lump. In this case, point-of-care ultrasound, which is becoming increasingly available in Emergency Departments, contributed to the rapid and accurate diagnosis of the patient. LEARNING POINTS Vascular diseases such as aneurysms and thrombosis, although infrequent in jugular veins, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a painless promptly growing neck lump. Since idiopathic external jugular vein thrombosis is uncommon, a complete diagnostic workout and follow-up is recommended, to exclude a triggering factor, such as an underlying malignancy, coagulation disorder or hidden infection. Ultrasound is the most accurate non-invasive method to diagnose venous thrombosis. Point-of-care ultrasound has proved to be a useful tool for the rapid diagnosis of vascular diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Idiopathic External Jugular Vein Thrombosis

Villanueva

Ruiz

2019

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine

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Thrombosed external jugular vein aneurysm mimics to a branchial cyst: A novel case from Iraq and review of the literature

Essa

Ahmed

Bapir

et al. 2021

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Introduction and importance Venous aneurysms are rare diseases, and according to their locations, history will change. They will be diagnosed based on the clinical history and imaging modalities. The exact incidence of external jugular vein aneurysm remains controversial. In the neck, venous aneurysm has been reported most commonly in the internal jugular vein. Frequently the venous aneurysm has a fusiform shape, and the saccular type is extremely rare. Case presentation Here we present a case of the external jugular vein aneurysm which was misdiagnosed as a branchial cyst presented with gradual swelling in the left supraclavicular region. The patient was diagnosed intraoperatively, and by histopathological examination. The patient successfully underwent surgery of Proximal and distal control of the external jugular vein without resection of the clavicle were performed, and trans -fixation of the external jugular vein was done without any complications. Clinical discussion Idiopathic, spontaneous venous aneurysm of the external jugular vein thrombosis is extremely rare clinical findings. Computerized tomography was the gold standard test for the diagnosis of venous thrombosis, but nowadays neck ultrasound is the diagnostic test of choice. However, the mass was like a branchial cyst by ultrasound. Conclusion External jugular vein aneurysm is rare, when it was a saccular type and thrombosed without any causes it will be extremely rare. When idiopathic thrombosis of external jugular vein aneurysm was confirmed by imaging modalities, then it was symptomatic, enlarged, ruptured or disfigured, the surgical excision will be mandatory without anticoagulant drugs preoperatively or postoperatively.

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