External Genital Warts: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Wiley, Dorothy J.; Douglas, John M.; Beutner, Karl R.; Cox, Tom; Fife, Kenneth H.; Moscicki, Anna Barbara; Fukumoto, Lynne

doi:10.1086/342109

Cited by 312 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 174 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

216

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Persistence of infection is the single most important risk factor in the development of cancerous and pre-cancerous lesions. 7,8 Genital HPV types have been subdivided into LR types which are the cause of external genital warts, 4 and HR types (n = 15) which have high oncogenic potential for progression to cervical cancer. Specifically, high risk types 16 and 18 are the most common HPV types found in cervical cancers worldwide and account for up to 70% of cervical cancers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of social determinants on immunization programs

Cremin

Menton²,

Canier³

et al. 2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of social determinants on immunization programs

Cremin

Menton²,

Canier³

et al. 2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…HPV types 16 and 18 cause approximately 70% of all cervical cancer cases worldwide (Muñoz et al, 2003) and a significant proportion of vaginal (Daling et al, 2002), vulvar (Madeleine et al, 1997), anal (Frisch, 2002) penile (Partridge and Koutsky, 2006), and head and neck cancers (Gillison and Lowy, 2006). HPV 6 and 11 infections in men and women are responsible for the great majority of genital wart cases (Wiley et al, 2002) and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, an aggressive, highly morbid and occasionally fatal disease manifested as rapidly growing benign laryngeal tumours that cause airway obstruction (Somers et al, 1997;Derkay and Darrow, 2000;Green et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High sustained efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine through 5 years of follow-up

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical, vulvar, and vaginal cancers, precancerous dysplasia, and genital warts. We report data for the longest efficacy evaluation to date of a prophylactic HPV vaccine. In total, 552 women (16 -23 years) were enrolled in a randomised, placebo-controlled study of a quadrivalent HPV 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like-particle vaccine with vaccination at months 0, 2, and 6. At regular intervals through 3 years, subjects underwent gynaecologic examination, cervicovaginal sampling for HPV DNA, serum anti-HPV testing, and Pap testing, with follow-up biopsy as indicated. A subset of 241 subjects underwent two further years of follow-up. At 5 years post enrolment, the combined incidence of HPV 6/11/16/18-related persistent infection or disease was reduced in vaccine-recipients by 96% (two cases vaccine versus 46 placebo). There were no cases of HPV 6/11/16/18-related precancerous cervical dysplasia or genital warts in vaccine recipients, and six cases in placebo recipients (efficacy ¼ 100%; 95% CI:12 -100%). Through 5 years, vaccine-induced anti-HPV geometric mean titres remained at or above those following natural infection. In conclusion, a prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine was effective through 5 years for prevention of persistent infection and disease caused by HPV 6/11/16/18. This duration supports vaccination of adolescents and young adults, which is expected to greatly reduce the burden of cervical and genital cancers, precancerous dysplasia, and genital warts.

show abstract

“…HPV types 16 and 18 are associated with ∼70% of all invasive cervical cancers (5), and HPV types 6 and 11 are associated with 90% of all genital warts (6). A prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine targeting HPV 6-, 11-, 16-, and 18-related cervical and external genital disease (as well as genital warts) has been developed and is now available in ∼100 countries worldwide.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pooled Analysis of Continued Prophylactic Efficacy of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6/11/16/18) Vaccine against High-grade Cervical and External Genital Lesions

Kjær

Sigurðsson

Iversen

et al. 2009

Cancer Prevention Research

279

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has been shown to provide protection from HPV 6/11/16/18-related cervical, vaginal, and vulvar disease through 3 years. We provide an update on the efficacy of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine against high-grade cervical, vaginal, and vulvar lesions based on end-of-study data from three clinical trials. Additionally, we stratify vaccine efficacy by several baseline characteristics, including age, smoking status, and Papanicolaou (Pap) test results. A total of 18,174 females ages 16 to 26 years were randomized and allocated into one of three clinical trials (protocols 007, 013, and 015). Vaccine or placebo was given at baseline, month 2, and month 6. Pap testing was conducted at regular intervals. Cervical and anogenital swabs were collected for HPV DNA testing. Examination for the presence of vulvar and vaginal lesions was also done. Endpoints included high-grade cervical, vulvar, or vaginal lesions (CIN 2/3, VIN 2/3, or VaIN 2/3). Mean follow-up time was 42 months post dose 1. Vaccine efficacy against HPV 6/11/16/18-related high-grade cervical lesions in the per-protocol and intention-to-treat populations was 98.2% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 93.3-99.8] and 51.5% (95% CI, 40.6-60.6), respectively. Vaccine efficacy against HPV 6/11/16/18-related high-grade vulvar and vaginal lesions in the per-protocol and intention-to-treat populations was 100.0% (95% CI, 82.6-100.0) and 79.0% (95% CI, 56.4-91.0), respectively. Efficacy in the intention-to-treat population tended to be lower in older women, women with more partners, and women with abnormal Pap test results. The efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against high-grade cervical and external anogenital neoplasia remains high through 42 months post vaccination.

show abstract

External Genital Warts: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Cited by 312 publications

References 174 publications

The effect of social determinants on immunization programs

The effect of social determinants on immunization programs

High sustained efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine through 5 years of follow-up

A Pooled Analysis of Continued Prophylactic Efficacy of Quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (Types 6/11/16/18) Vaccine against High-grade Cervical and External Genital Lesions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About