External field effects on aging phenomenon of acceptor-doped BaTiO3 ceramics

Abstract

Our experiments on ferroelectric aging phenomena of a series of acceptor-doped BaTiO3 ceramics demonstrate that after well-aging, all samples show a similar double hysteresis loop under smaller applied electric field, regardless of ionic radius or ionic valence of the acceptor. However, with increasing the applied electric field, the completely constricted loops gradually start to open, indicating the aging effect becomes weak under larger electric field. The unified microscopic mechanism responsible for the similar aging behavior in different acceptor-doped BaTiO3 ceramics may be that the larger field is considered to kinetically facilitate a part of oxygen vacancies short-range hopping. As a result, the defect dipole field provided by oxygen vacancies and the associated defect dipoles frozen in the original states decreases, thus contributing to the weaker aging effect.

Ferroelectric aging effects and large recoverable electrostrain in ceria‐doped BaTiO3 ceramics

“…On the other hand, an aging behavior was also observed in Mn‐doped KNbO 3 ceramics without a heating treatment . Meanwhile, ferroelectric aging effects were reported to be influenced by the grain size and external electric field . Although there has been great progress in understanding the origin of ferroelectric aging behaviors, more research is required to determine the factors that influence aging effects, especially regarding the aging process.…”

Effect of aging and Mn substitution on anisotropy of third generation piezoelectrics

“…[3][4][5][6][7] Defect dipoles and aging greatly influence the electromechanical coupling, leading to large changes in cohesive field, strain and piezoelectric properties. 5,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Relaxor based single crystals like Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )-…”