External Communication of Autonomous Crews Under Simulation of Interplanetary Missions

Supolkina, N.S.; Yusupova, Anna; Shved, D.М.; Gushin, Vadim; Savinkina, Alexandra; Лебедева, С. А.; Chekalina, Angelina; Kuznetsova, Polina

doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.751170

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For subject D, the tendency for growing neutral emotions in the facial expression was found ( p = 0.015). These data correspond to the previous results from longer isolation studies MARS-500 and SIRIUS-19 ( Supolkina et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of isolation, crowding, and different psychological countermeasures on crew behavior and performance

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies conducted by I. Altman in the 1960–70s revealed the increase in the individual stress level under isolation and confinement. Altman introduced the term “privacy” as a desired level of personal space that humans need to feel psychologically comfortable. The author also mentioned the dynamic process of boundary regulation that can be accompanied by the increase in conflict tension in the confined groups. In our study with short-term chamber isolation ESKIS, we analyzed behavior, crew interactions, and psychological state of a mixed-gender crew with none or minimal previous isolation experience (4 males and 2 females) who spent 14 days in a small chamber of 50 m3. The study confirmed that the pre-isolation period was particularly stressful for the subjects who felt also significant anxiety during the first days of isolation. Also, some mood and sleep disturbances were detected under isolation and crowding. Psychological stress made the crew more cohesive; they demonstrated the increase in common values. Extraverted subjects who could obtain social support from their partners and Mission Control’s duty teams were less interested in psychological support via VR.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of isolation, crowding, and different psychological countermeasures on crew behavior and performance

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such a stress-induced environment can have negative impacts but also positive outcomes in taping into new personal and social resources such as tend-and-befriend behavior (Šolcová et al, 2022). Experiments carried out within the frame of the Scientific International Research in Unique Terrestrial Station (SIRIUS) program at the RAS's Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP) confirm the detachment phenomenon in crew-MCC communication and show subtle differences between men and women (Supolkina et al, 2021). A 40-min delay is the setting of a Martian journey.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

Human travels in space and time from ethological perspectives

Tafforin¹

2022

Front. Space Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Regarding space exploration by human travelers, our viewpoint is to consider the core concept of adaptation, in which strengths overtake weaknesses. The interpretation of findings, whether it be in physiology, in psychology, in anthropology, in ergonomics, or in robotics should properly converge in a positive direction that gives men and women their place at the heart of the spatial and temporal system. This has many facets. One facet is a self-organized system where heterogeneity of the components and autonomy of the whole are characteristic features that contribute to its proper functioning and to the success of exploration missions. Would it be the operating rule for crewmembers of future missions to the Moon and Mars? Isolated and confined crews in synergy with extended periods of time are actually facets to highlight as impacting factors. Ethological research is used to draw up these scientific hypotheses by applying its methods in various space simulation settings, analogous environments and experimental campaigns. Focusing on the recent data over the last 3 years, we found modern contributions in different research areas from multidisciplinary approaches.A comprehensive account of how crews self-organized their schedules with regard to work routine and social activities during three Mars analog missions of 4-month duration, 8-month duration and 12-month duration outline group-living habits that evolved similarly with high autonomy (Heinicke et al., 2019). The authors describe common features that developed in a similar direction when each crew was faced with isolation and confinement in the same setting with increasing mission time. They emphasize sociopsychological, group coordination and team performance challenges of long-duration space travels along with technical and operational challenges. In new science frameworks on the behavioral biology of teams, other investigators described key components of these extreme environmental systems that can interact with neurobiological systems as individual-level inputs influencing dynamics over the crew life cycle (Landon et al., 2019). Their emphasis is on food and nutrition, exercise and physical activity, sleep-wakework rhythms and habitat design. What we know about social group dynamics for longdistance space missions is found in analog research (Bell et al., 2019), in which space crews are expected to cope with psychologically, cognitively, physically and operationally demanding conditions that they have never encountered. The researchers revealed specific outcomes regarding conflict, cohesion, efficiency, mood or communication with the Mission Control Crew (MCC). For instance, the nature of conflict was examined under a new concept mapping based on a more nuanced typology, i.e., noted discords, work disagreements, interpersonal tensions and interpersonal

show abstract

“…Retrospectively, most of them realized they were not able anymore to put certain things in perspective, showing again the importance of self-awareness, as discussed formerly with regard to sleep and fatigue. A well-known phenomenon of which crew members are also often unaware, and which has often been described in space flights missions (e.g., Kanas et al, 2001) and space simulations (e.g., MARS 500, SIRIUS, Supolkina et al, 2021), is the so-called detachment phenomenon (e.g., Kanas et al, 2001Kanas et al, , 2007Kanas et al, , 2009. The detachment phenomenon refers to the displacement or externalization of cumulated negative emotions toward the outwards on-ground mission control which has been interpreted as a consequence of increased sense of isolation (Kanas et al, 2001(Kanas et al, , 2007(Kanas et al, , 2009.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detachment phenomenon refers to the displacement or externalization of cumulated negative emotions toward the outwards on-ground mission control which has been interpreted as a consequence of increased sense of isolation (Kanas et al, 2001(Kanas et al, , 2007(Kanas et al, , 2009. Detachment goes together with a decrease in both positive and negative emotion expression (Supolkina et al, 2021) and may evolve toward a shared resistance in the crew against advice and decisions of the onground control (Myasnikov and Stepanova, 2000;Kanas and Manzey, 2008). Although detachment may create crew cohesion, it generates more distance toward the on-ground crew, carrying a risk for rash-considered decisions (Myasnikov and Stepanova, 2000;Kanas and Manzey, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living on the edge: How to prepare for it?

Puyvelde¹,

Gijbels²,

Caelenberg³

et al. 2022

Front. Neuroergonomics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionIsolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environments such as found at Antarctic, Arctic, and other remote research stations are considered space-analogs to study the long duration isolation aspects of operational space mission conditions.MethodsWe interviewed 24 sojourners that participated in different short/long duration missions in an Antarctic (Concordia, Halley VI, Rothera, Neumayer II) or non-Antarctic (e.g., MDRS, HI-SEAS) station or in polar treks, offering a unique insight based on first-hand information on the nature of demands by ICE-personnel at multiple levels of functioning. We conducted a qualitative thematic analysis to explore how sojourners were trained, prepared, how they experienced the ICE-impact in function of varieties in environment, provided trainings, station-culture, and type of mission.ResultsThe ICE-environment shapes the impact of organizational, interpersonal, and individual working- and living systems, thus influencing the ICE-sojourners' functioning. Moreover, more specific training for operating in these settings would be beneficial. The identified pillars such as sensory deprivation, sleep, fatigue, group dynamics, displacement of negative emotions, gender-issues along with coping strategies such as positivity, salutogenic effects, job dedication and collectivistic thinking confirm previous literature. However, in this work, we applied a systemic perspective, assembling the multiple levels of functioning in ICE-environments.DiscussionA systemic approach could serve as a guide to develop future preparatory ICE-training programs, including all the involved parties of the crew system (e.g., family, on-ground crew) with attention for the impact of organization- and station-related subcultures and the risk of unawareness about the impact of poor sleep, fatigue, and isolation on operational safety that may occur on location.

show abstract

External Communication of Autonomous Crews Under Simulation of Interplanetary Missions

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of isolation, crowding, and different psychological countermeasures on crew behavior and performance

Effects of isolation, crowding, and different psychological countermeasures on crew behavior and performance

Human travels in space and time from ethological perspectives

Living on the edge: How to prepare for it?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About