Extent, Causes, and Impacts of Flooding

Kozlowski, T. T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-424120-6.50006-7

Cited by 66 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is known that waterlogging decreases O 2 in root systems to almost non-existent levels (Jackson 1985;Kozlowski 1984). Oxygen is necessary for many enzymatic processes such as the functioning of ACC oxidase (that is responsible for ACC oxidation to ethylene) and also for optimal N 2 fixation in the bacteroids (Abeles et al 1992;Delgado et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This water saturation leads to the reduction of oxygen levels that can drop to critical levels, leaving the soil and the root systems in an anoxia or hypoxia state (Jackson 1985;Kozlowski 1984). Without sufficient oxygen levels, root nutrient and water uptake are disturbed resulting in lower photosynthetic rates by the plant (Vartapetian and Jackson 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced chickpea growth-promotion ability of a Mesorhizobium strain expressing an exogenous ACC deaminase gene

et al. 2011

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Aims The main goal of the study reported herein was to assess the nodulation performance of a Mesorhizobium strain transformed with an exogenous ACC deaminase gene (acdS), and its subsequent ability to increase chickpea plant growth under normal and waterlogged conditions. Methods The Mesorhizobium ciceri strain LMS-1 was transformed with the acdS gene of Pseudomonas putida UW4 by triparental conjugation using plasmid pRKACC. A plant growth assay was conducted to verify the plant growth promotion ability of the LMS-1 (pRKACC) transformed strain under normal and waterlogging conditions. Bacterial ACC deaminase and nitrogenase activity was measured.Results By expressing the exogenous acdS gene, the transformed strain LMS-1 showed a 127% increased ability to nodulate chickpea and a 125% promotion of the growth of chickpea compared to the wild-type strain, under normal conditions. Plants inoculated with the LMS-1 wild-type strain showed a higher nodule number under waterlogging stress than under control conditions, suggesting that waterlogging increases nodulation in chickpea. No significant relationship was found between ACC deaminase and nitrogenase activity. Conclusions The results obtained in this study show that the use of rhizobial strains with improved ACC deaminase activity might be very important for developing microbial inocula for agricultural purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced chickpea growth-promotion ability of a Mesorhizobium strain expressing an exogenous ACC deaminase gene

et al. 2011

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“…Flooding can result in yield reduction of up to 10% (Bange et al, 2004) and 40% in severe cases (Hodgson and Chan, 1982). As a consequence of disturbed physiological functioning, vegetative and reproductive growth of plants is negatively affected by flooding (Kozlowski, 1984;Gibbs and Greenway, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooding tolerance of tomato genotypes during vegetative and reproductive stages

Ezin

Pena

Ahanchédé

2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of flooding on two tomato cultivars and two wild related species. Forty days old tomato plants were subjected to a continuous flooding stress of different durations: 0, 2, 4 and 8 days. Plant pots were placed inside larger plastic pots; they were irrigated with excessive quantity of tap water at 25 0 C so that the level of water above the surface of soil was 15 cm throughout the flooding period. At the bottom of each plastic pot a drilled hole allowed complete drainage of the pot after flooding. Parameters studied include plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content, wilting, leaf senescence, adventitious root formation, number of flowers and fruits from cluster 2 to 6, average weight per fruit, fruit length and width, total fruit weight from cluster 2 to 6, total yield per plant. LA1579 genotype was more subjected to the deleterious effect of flooding on almost all the parameters studied. Therefore LA1579 genotype is flooding sensitive. Genotypes CLN2498E, and CA4 showed high tolerance to flooding while LA1421 genotype was tolerant to some extent. This experiment provides information that could help in the identification of physiological and agronomical parameters associated with flood-tolerance in vegetables.

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“…66 Tolerance of crops to flooding is related to many morphological and physiological traits that are under strong environmental influence. 81 Waterlogging has been a major risk for cucumber production also. The genome of cucumber (750-1000cm) is estimated to have seven linkage groups.…”

Section: Physiological and Molecular Approaches To Induce Waterlogginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooding: Abiotic Constraint Limiting Vegetable Productivity

Hemantaranjan¹

2014

APAR

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Physico-chemical events during flooding Change rhizosphere chemistryExcess water causes a sharp decrease in soil redox potential, AbstractFlooding is a major environmental stress that severely limits crop productivity and it has become a major problem worldwide. More than one third of the world's irrigated area suffers due to flooding, frequently or otherwise. It may result due to heavy rainfall, faulty irrigation, unleveled land, poor drainage or heavy soil texture. Various morpho-physiological, biochemical and anatomical changes induced in root system during flooding, for example reduction in the shoot-root relative growth, Formation of thicker adventitious roots or air roots, arenchyma formation and cuboidal packing of cells enhances the longitudinal transport of gases, the major shift occurs in the carbohydrate metabolism of the plants, which move towards lactate and ethanolic fermentation to provide the required ATP. Oxygen diffusion is 10,000 times slower in waterlogged soil as compared to air. Continued flooded conditions lead to lack of oxygen in the soil, restricting respiration of the growing roots and other living organisms. Soil chemical properties also change when anaerobic conditions persist for several days. This is followed by loss of chlorophyll of the lower leaves, arrest of crop growth and proliferation of surface root growth with the retreat of water level. Plant transpiration is affected under anaerobic conditions and extended water logging results in root death due to inadequate oxygen supply.

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Extent, Causes, and Impacts of Flooding

Cited by 66 publications

References 11 publications

Enhanced chickpea growth-promotion ability of a Mesorhizobium strain expressing an exogenous ACC deaminase gene

Enhanced chickpea growth-promotion ability of a Mesorhizobium strain expressing an exogenous ACC deaminase gene

Flooding tolerance of tomato genotypes during vegetative and reproductive stages

Flooding: Abiotic Constraint Limiting Vegetable Productivity

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