Extent and dynamics of the Saalian ice-sheet margin in Neple, eastern Poland

Abstract

The Neple site is located on a marginal moraine between the valleys of Bug and Krzna rivers in the southern part of the Polish-Belarusian border area. A glacial diamicton is overlain there by glaciofluvial sand and gravel. The glacial diamicton is laminated and, based on petrographic examination, it was ascribed both to the Sanian 2 Glaciation (Elsterian) and the Warta Stadial ice-sheet of the Odranian Glaciation (Saalian). The sediments were glaciotectonically deformed during readvance of the Warta Stadial icesheet. A local stress field was from the northwest and north but it partly encountered resistance from the glacial lobe located in the present-day river-mouth of the Krzna River. Similar glaciotectonic deformations are common also along the southwestern slope of the present Bug River valley, demarcating the maximum extent of the Warta Stadial (Saalian) ice-sheet in this area.

Transport Direction and Scandinavian Source Regions of the Saalian Glacial and Glaciofluvial Deposits in a Case Study of Łubienica-Superunki (Central Poland)

“…Detailed petrographic studies of medium-and coarse-grained gravels in sediments of the Middle Polish Glaciations (Middle Polish Complex acc. to Marks [69], Marks et al [92] and Nitychoruk et al [43]) shed new light on the problem of the Scandinavian origin of sediments in this part of Europe.…”

“…The two till beds identified at Łubienica-Superunki in the North Mazovian Lowland and their position indicate that it is the Warthe/Drenthe in the Global Chronostratigraphical Correlation Table for the last 2.7 million years [91], i.e., the Warta and Odra Stadials according to Marks [69] and Marks et al [92]. These beds correspond to two remarkable cold fluctuations of stadial rank [99,100] and were additionally accentuated by a horizon of epigenetic wedges [75] just before the advance of the Middle Polish ice sheet of the Odra Stadial [31,43]. Thus, our current research (Figure 12) demonstrates a clear separation of the two Saalian stadials.…”

“…Indicator and auxiliary erratics found in Poland have also been described, and their source areas have been identified [29,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Recently, research has focused on the Middle Polish Glaciation-Odranian/Wartanian (Saalian, Marine Oxygen-Isotope Stage (MIS) 6) [33, [39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

New Geoeducational Facilities in Central Mazovia (Poland) Disseminate Knowledge about Local Geoheritage

“…The relief of the study area was glacially formed during the Wartanian glaciation of the Central Polish Complex (MIS6 = Marine Oxygen-Isotope Stage [76,77]; Figure 2) To protect them from damage and/or theft, erratic boulders are removed from their in situ position in urban controlled zones such as pocket gardens (e.g., [68]) or lapidaries/rock gardens (e.g., [6,24,34,36,[69][70][71][72][73]).…”

“…The relief of the study area was glacially formed during the Wartanian glaciation of the Central Polish Complex (MIS6 = Marine Oxygen-Isotope Stage [76,77]; Figure 2) and periglacially denuded when the Scandinavian Ice Sheet was found during its LGM (MIS2 [78,79]).…”