Extent and basal characteristics of the M’Clintock Channel Ice Stream

Clark, Chris D.; Stokes, Chris R.

doi:10.1016/s1040-6182(01)00052-0

Cited by 150 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, a large number of ice streams were uncovered in the early 2000s (e.g. Clark and Stokes, 2001;Shaw, 2003), such that by 2004, a new map of ice streams in the LIS depicted a total of 49 ice streams, 34 of which had good evidence, with the remainder more uncertain (Winsborrow et al, 2004). Much of the evidence was based on the terrestrial glacial geological record, but the recognition of discrete layers of ice rafted debris (IRD) in North Atlantic sediment cores (Heinrich, 1988) had also begun to implicate episodic ice streaming, particularly in Hudson Strait, as being primarily responsible for their deposition (Bond et al, 1992;Andrews and Tedesco, 1992;MacAyeal, 1993;Marshall and Clark, 1997a, b;Andrews, 1998).…”

Section: The Role Of Ice Streaming During Deglaciation Of the Lismentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet from the Last Glacial Maximum

Stokes

2017

CIG

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ABSTRACT. The last deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) was associated with major reorganisations in the ocean-climate system and its retreat also represents a valuable analogue for understanding the rates and mechanisms of ice sheet collapse. This paper reviews the characteristics of the LIS at its Last GlacialMaximum (LGM) La deglaciación del inlandsis Lauréntide desde el Último Máximo Glaciar RESUMEN. La última deglaciación del inlandsis Lauréntide (LIS) estuvo relacionada con grandes reorganizaciones en el océano-clima y su retroceso representa un valioso ejemplo para comprender las tasas y mecanismos del colapso del inlandsis. Este artículo revisa las características del LIS en su Último Máximo Glaciar (LGM) y su consiguiente deglaciación, con especial énfasis en

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Section: The Role Of Ice Streaming During Deglaciation Of the Lismentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet from the Last Glacial Maximum

Stokes

2017

CIG

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“…They identified four distinct ridges at the lateral margin of the M'Clintock Channel Ice Stream (cf. Hodgson, 1994;Clark and Stokes, 2001). The southernmost moraine is shown in Figure 2 and represents a 22 km long sinuous ridge of till.…”

Section: Observations Of Lateral Shear Margin Morainesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Technological advances in geophysical exploration of active sub-ice stream environments will also go a long way towards solving this particular conundrum. The ice stream lineations indicate flow to the north on the right of the image, whereas the area to the west of the moraine is outside of the margin and show no evidence of stream-lining (see Hodgson, 1994 andStokes, 2001 for discussion of the reconstructed glacial history). : Erosion/deposition rates and downstream velocities for different basal properties.…”

Section: Alternative Mechanisms Of Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanisms for ice‐stream lateral shear margin moraines

Hindmarsh

Stokes

2008

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractThe lateral shear margins of palaeo-ice stream beds are occasionally marked by large curvi-linear moraines but little work has addressed how they might form. In this paper we review the characteristics of 'lateral shear margin moraines' and present two quantitative models for their formation; (i) differential erosion rates related to lateral variations in the stream velocity; and (ii), lateral incursion from inter-stream ridges after the thinner stream retreats, where the shear margin moraine is consequently just a terminal moraine of the inter-stream ridge. Other possible mechanisms of formation are addressed qualitatively. Both of our quantitative theories are, in principle, feasible, but the incursion model is less plausible and inconsistent with observations. The differential erosion model can predict moraines tens of metres thick and several kilometres wide which can be formed in a thousand years. The width of the moraine depends on the competition between a term which varies across the ice-stream because it is dependent on ice velocity and which always causes erosion, and a term related to the local accumulation rate which causes erosion if is positive and deposition if negative. These terms combine to create the possibility of deposition at the shear margins of ice streams in ablation areas. The width of the moraine has a tendency to increase with the width of the stream. The conditions which permit shear margin moraines to form are quite constrained; too much ablation and deposition occurs everywhere rather than just near the lateral margins of the ice streams; too little ablation and there is erosion everywhere. This is consistent with the infrequent observations of lateral shear margin moraines.

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“…top right of the image). See (Stokes and Clark, 2002) and can be seen here bordering a south to north flowing ice stream (the M'Clintock Channel Ice Stream: Hodgson, 1994;Clark and Stokes, 2001), recorded by mega-scale glacial lineations. The long esker that runs east to west across the centre of the image dissects the moraine and the age control from Hodgson (1994) indicates that slow-flowing ice must have been present adjacent to the ice stream (i.e.…”

Section: Results: Description Of Glacial Geomorphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

A Glacial Geomorphological Map of Victoria Island, Canadian Arctic

Storrar¹,

Stokes²

2007

JoM

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Abstract: Victoria Island lies at the north-western extremity of the region covered by the vast North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. This area is significant because it linked the interior of the LIS to the Arctic Ocean, probably via a number of ice streams. Victoria Island, however, exhibits a remarkably complex glacial landscape, with several successive generations of ice flow indicators superimposed on top of each other and often at abrupt (90 • ) angles. This complexity represents a major challenge to those attempting to produce a detailed reconstruction of the glacial history of the region. This paper presents a map of the glacial geomorphology of Victoria Island. The map is based on analysis of Landsat Enhanced Thematic Plus (ETM+) satellite imagery and contains over 58,000 individual glacial features which include: glacial lineations, moraines (terminal, lateral, subglacial shear margin), hummocky moraine, ribbed moraine, eskers, glaciofluvial deposits, large meltwater channels, and raised shorelines. The glacial features reveal marked changes in ice flow direction and vigour over time. Moreover, the glacial geomorphology indicates a non-steady withdrawal of ice during deglaciation, with rapidly flowing ice streams focussed into the inter-island troughs and several successively younger flow patterns superimposed on older ones. It is hoped that detailed analysis of this map will lead to an improved reconstruction of the glacial history of this area which will provide other important insights, for example, with respect to the interactions between ice streaming, deglaciation and Arctic Ocean meltwater events.

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Extent and basal characteristics of the M’Clintock Channel Ice Stream

Cited by 150 publications

References 53 publications

Deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet from the Last Glacial Maximum

Deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet from the Last Glacial Maximum

Formation mechanisms for ice‐stream lateral shear margin moraines

A Glacial Geomorphological Map of Victoria Island, Canadian Arctic

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