Extensor Retinaculum of the Wrist: Sonographic Characterization and Pseudotenosynovitis Appearance

Abstract

The extensor retinaculum has a characteristic appearance on sonography. A hypoechoic appearance from anisotropy should not be confused with tenosynovitis.

The origin of tendon friction rubs in patients with systemic sclerosis: A sonographic explanation

“…Retinacula were labeled hyper-, iso-, or hypoechoic with respect to the adjacent tendon tissue (3), and their thickness was calculated using measurement calipers. A retinaculum thickness Ն95% of that recorded in controls in each area was considered normal (4,5). At physical examination, 11 SSc patients exhibited tenosynovitis ( Figure 1A) or tendinitis (8 with lcSSc and 3 with dcSSc) and 12 patients with dcSSc exhibited tendon friction rubs (12 at the wrists bilaterally, 7 at the anterior ankles bilaterally, 1 patellar, 1 at the left Achilles tendon, i.e., 40 areas with palpable tendon friction rubs).…”

Consensus-based identification of factors related to false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovitis and tenosynovitis

“…anisotropy) [30,36] and misinterpretation of non-synovial structure [31,35,36] that cause false-positives. These data demonstrate that any anatomical structures and any technical artifacts that exhibit hypoechogenecity in the vicinity of synovial tissues can cause false-positives in the gray-scale evaluation of synovitis/tenosynovitis.…”

“…The second search identified a total of 1329 articles, of which 828 were original articles in English ( Figure 1). Screening process, however, identified only 11 articles that are relevant to sonographic false-positives of synovial/tenosynovial inflammation and none for bursitis [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Equívocos diagnósticos envolvendo as tendinites: impacto médico, social, jurídico e econômico

“…Extensor tendons of the wrist can seem hypoechoic in the US scan, simulating tenosynovitis. 69 Those elevated rates of ultrasound mistakes have raised dissatisfaction among North American orthopedic surgeons, who reported limited acceptance of musculoskeletal US scan of the shoulder. 70 This is most likely due to confirmation of the diagnostic mistake during surgery.…”