Extensively drug-resistant Alcaligenes faecalis infection

Abstract

Background Alcaligenes faecalis is usually causes opportunistic infections in humans. Alcaligenes faecalis infection is often difficult to treat due to its increased resistance to several antibiotics. The results from a clinical study of patients with Alcaligenes faecalis infection may help improve patients’ clinical care. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients presenting with Alcaligenes faecalis infection from January 2014 to December 2019. The medical records of all patients were reviewed for demographic information, clinical symptoms and signs, comorbidities, use of intravenous antibiotics within the past three months, bacterial culture, antibiotics sensitivity test, and clinical outcomes. Results Sixty-one cases of Alcaligenes faecalis infection were seen during the study period, including 25 cases of cystitis, nine cases of diabetic foot infection, eight cases of pneumonia, seven cases of acute pyelonephritis, three cases of bacteremia, and nine cases of infection at specific sites. Thirty-seven patients (60.7%) had a history of receiving intravenous antibiotics within three months of the diagnosis. Fifty-one (83.6%) cases were mixed with other bacterial infections. Extensively drug-resistant infections have been reported since 2018. The best sensitivity rate to Alcaligenes faecalis was 66.7% for three antibiotics (imipenem, meropenem, and ceftazidime) in 2019. Two antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam) sensitivity rates to A. faecalis were less than 50%. Conclusions The most frequent Alcaligenes faecalis infection sites, in order, are the bloodstream, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue, and middle ear. The susceptibility rate of Alcaligenes faecalis to commonly used antibiotics is decreasing. Extensively drug-resistant Alcaligenes faecalis infections have emerged.

Alleviation of Salinity Stress in Peanut by Application of Endophytic Bacteria

“…Few of the isolated endophytes of peanut in the present studies were found to be in the risk group 2 of potential pathogens like Alcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas otitidis, Acinetobacter junii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: all human pathogens (Clark et al, 2006;Balasubramani et al, 2018;Huang, 2020). However, Acinetobacter junii has been reported as a human pathogen rarely.…”

Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Extracts of Calendula officinalis against Potentially Clinical Bacterial Strains

“…A. faecalis is considered as an emerging drug-resistant pathogen, causing opportunistic infections in humans. In most cases, infection generated by A. faecalis is complicated to treat because it is highly resistant to several antibiotics, such as anti-pseudomonal penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenemics, aminoglycosides, and quinolones [ 48 ]. Currently, cases of A. faecalis infection have been identified, including cystitis, skin and soft tissue infection, pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, endocarditis, eye infection, peritonitis, and infectious diarrhea [ 49 ].…”

Microbiological Decontamination of Mycotoxins: Opportunities and Limitations

“…Some of the bacteria and yeasts listed in Table 1 can cause infections in humans. These include Alcaligenes faecalis, which is often associated with local and systemic infections in humans (endocarditis, bacteremia, meningitis, endophthalmitis, skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, otitis media, peritonitis, and pneumonia) [127] and Enterobacter cloceae complex strains [128,129], as well as Candida quilliermondii and C. parapsilosis, which are in the group of six pathogenic species of yeast responsible for invasive candidiasis [130]. Most infections caused by the bacteria and yeasts listed in Table 1 are opportunistic infections.…”