Extensive Remodeling of the Immune Microenvironment in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

The bone marrow microenvironment of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia at single-cell resolution

“…Furthermore, we observed enrichment for GO-BP associated with an inflammatory response in monocytes. Our data supports a recent finding that monocytes are involved in B-ALL development, possibly in response to leukemia-induced inflammation in the bone marrow 30 . For all HSPCs, expression of ligands was associated with enrichment of cytokine-mediated signaling, cell migration and regulation of phosphorylation, though MDP were the only type showing consistent enrichment of these processes at all time points compared to day 0.…”

“…Understanding the tumor microenvironment can lead to identification of novel therapeutic targets. Previous studies have shown that development of B-ALL alters immune cell constitution and the BMM 9,[28][29][30] . In this study, we dissected responses of normal bone marrow immune cells during early stages of B-cell leukemia development at a single-cell level.…”

<p>Extracellular Matrix–Related Six-lncRNA Signature as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for Bladder Cancer</p>

“…As an important part of the tumor microenvironment, immune cells play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. 36 Therefore, we performed an in silico deconvolution of 22 immune-cell types through the CIBERSORT algorithm (https://cibersort.stanford.edu). 41 After deleting samples with no statistical significance, 304 samples remained, and these were split into high-risk (n=153) and low-risk (n=151) cohorts by the risk model.…”

“…Witkowski et al found that there is extensive immunomicroenvironment remodeling in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 36 Varn et al found that there are complex interactions between different immune-cell types in the tumor microenvironment and proved that these interactions have a significant impact on patient survival. 37 Through the pathway enrichment analysis of genes related to SMALL (SNHG12, MAFG-DT, ASMTL-AS1, LINC02321, LINC01322, and LINC00922) characteristics, we found that these genes significantly enriched pathways related to the ECM, including ECM structural constituents, cell adhesion-molecule binding, actin binding, and glycosaminoglycan binding.…”

Patrolling Monocytes Watch Over Relapse

“… 1 Their role in leukemia development, however, remains unclear. In a recent Cancer Cell paper, Witkowski et al fill some gaps in this scenario, demonstrating that non-classical monocytes play an essential role in the pathogenesis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), 2 an hematological cancer whereby B-cell progenitors accumulate in the bone marrow (BM).…”