Extensive marine anoxia in the European epicontinental sea during the end-Triassic mass extinction

He, Tianchen; Wignall, Paul B.; Newton, Robert J.; Atkinson, Jed W.; Keeling, Jacob F.J.; Xiong, Yijun; Poulton, Simon W.

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103771

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The average upper bound δ 98 Mo throughout the basal Jurassic of the Carnduff-2 core is 1.47 ± 0.58‰ (n = 3) and characterises horizons with TM distributions that are not indicative of localised euxinia 12 . Predominantly non-euxinic conditions from the basal Jurassic of the Larne Basin are further supported by iron speciation data 13 . Therefore, basal Jurassic δ 98 Mo SW was likely > 2.2%, also similar to the Late…”

Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…These δ 98 Mo values are obtained from sampling levels where trace metal distributions are indicative of non-euxinic depositional conditions (see supplementary information) 12 . Non-euxinic conditions coinciding with upper-bound Carnduff-2 δ 98 Mo values are further supported by oxic-anoxic iron speciation values from a correlative horizon within the Larne Basin 13 . Molybdenum sul des forming in sedimentary porewaters underlying a noneuxinic water column are fractionated by a minimum of ~ 0.7‰ relative to coeval seawater 24,25 , with fractionation likely exceeding 0.7‰ within the Larne Basin on account of local redox conditions 12,13 .…”

Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Non-euxinic conditions coinciding with upper-bound Carnduff-2 δ 98 Mo values are further supported by oxic-anoxic iron speciation values from a correlative horizon within the Larne Basin 13 . Molybdenum sul des forming in sedimentary porewaters underlying a noneuxinic water column are fractionated by a minimum of ~ 0.7‰ relative to coeval seawater 24,25 , with fractionation likely exceeding 0.7‰ within the Larne Basin on account of local redox conditions 12,13 . Therefore, Late Triassic δ 98 Mo SW was likely > 2.3‰, similar to modern day seawater 26 .…”

Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Studies of latest Triassic marine de-oxygenation indicate that locally sul dic conditions were prominent within marginal marine surface waters of the Tethys and Panthalassic oceans around the TJB [3][4][5][6][7][8] . Oxygen-poor conditions have been further identi ed from blooms of prasinophycean algae 3,9 , a negative excursion in carbonate U isotopes 10 , widespread Early Jurassic black shale deposition 9,11 , elemental redox proxies 3,12 , and Fe speciation data 13 . Therefore, recent studies suggest that marine redox change may have played an important role in end-Triassic marine extinction phases.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxygen-poor conditions were present across Tethyan and Panthalassa marginal marine environments during the main extinction interval 5,7,12,13 . Such conditions have been further identi ed here on the basis of δ 98 Mo and Mo EF data with redox conditions varying according to both site and stratigraphy.…”

Section: Regional De-oxygenation During the Etmementioning

confidence: 99%

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An oxygenated global ocean during the end-Triassic mass extinction event

Bond

Dickson

Ruhl

et al. 2022

Preprint

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One of the most severe extinctions of complex marine life in Earth’s history occurred at the end of the Triassic Period. The end-Triassic extinction event was initiated by large igneous province volcanism and has tentatively been linked to oceanic redox change. However, the global-scale pattern of oceanic redox across the end-Triassic event is not well constrained. Here we use the sedimentary enrichment and isotopic composition of the redox-sensitive element molybdenum to reconstruct global–local marine redox conditions through the extinction interval. Peak δ98Mo values indicate that the global distribution of sulfidic marine conditions was similar to the modern ocean during the extinction interval. Meanwhile, Tethyan shelf sediments record pulsed, positive δ98Mo excursions indicative of locally oxygen-poor, sulfidic conditions. We suggest that pulses of marine de-oxygenation were largely restricted to marginal marine environments during the latest Triassic, playing a significant role in shallow marine extinction phases at that time, whilst the Late Triassic global ocean remained well-oxygenated. Importantly, this shows that global marine biodiversity, and possibly ecosystem stability, were vulnerable to geographically localised anoxic conditions. Expanding present-day marine anoxia in response to anthropogenic marine nutrient supply and climate forcing may therefore have significant consequences for global biodiversity and wider ecosystem stability.

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Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Oxygenated Global Oceanic Conditions Prevailed During the Tr...mentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional De-oxygenation During the Etmementioning

confidence: 99%

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An oxygenated global ocean during the end-Triassic mass extinction event

Bond

Dickson

Ruhl

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Testing geological proxies for deep‐time tidal model simulations

Guo,

Fitzgerald,

Hewitt

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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Tides are a key driver of a range of Earth system processes, and we now have the capacity to simulate tidal dynamics on a range of temporal and spatial scales. Deep‐time tidal model simulations have been used to provide insight into past ocean circulation patterns, evolution of life and the developments of the Earth‐Moon system's orbital configuration. However, these tidal model simulations are relatively poorly constrained and validated because of a lack of readily available proxies. The feasibility of using two types of proxy is explored here; (1) sedimentary deposits which can directly estimate palaeotidal ranges, and (2) black shale, to constrain three palaeotidal model simulations for different time slices. Specifically, three palaeotidal range proxies were used for the early Devonian (400 Ma), three palaeotidal range proxies and five black shales for the lower Jurassic (185 Ma), and eight black shales for the early Cretaceous (95 Ma). Both tidal proxies confirm the tidal model results in most locations. The model results for 400 Ma and 185 Ma matched 2/3 of the palaeotidal range proxies for each of these periods. The locations of black shale were compared with tidal front locations predicted by the model outputs based on the Simpson–Hunter parameter and the model results from 95 to 185 Ma agree with the black shale proxies in 10/13 of the locations. In the cases where there is a disagreement, the model resolution is probably too low to fully resolve the details of the coastal topography, or—in one case—the palaeobathymetry is incorrect. Consequently, it is argued that it is worth expanding this type of work, and that such data can be used to validate both models and reconstructions.

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On the occurrence of rare nannoliths (calcareous nannofossils) in the Early Jurassic and their implications for the end‐Triassic mass extinction

Paulsen

Thibault

2023

Papers in Palaeontology

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A peculiar record of previously undescribed and/ or rarely described nannoliths from the Hettangian to lower Pliensbachian of the Llanbdr (Mochras Farm) core, Wales (UK) is documented here. Some of the observed morphotypes are assigned to didemnid ascidians, commonly observed in the upper Rhaetian, as evidence of the resilience of ascidian tunicates during the end-Triassic mass extinction. One newly described nannolith present throughout the Hettangian and Sinemurian, Quadrifolium hesselboi, is similar to forms previously observed in the upper Rhaetian, and is therefore considered to be a new nannofossil survivor from the end-Triassic mass extinction. High-amplitude changes observed in the absolute and relative abundances of nannoliths, schizosphaerellids and coccoliths across the Hettangian suggest a recovery interval from the end-Triassic crisis spanning the planorbis-liasicus ammonite zones in four distinct steps with high volatility in environmental conditions, followed by the establishment of more stable environmental conditions in the angulata ammonite zone.

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Extensive marine anoxia in the European epicontinental sea during the end-Triassic mass extinction

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

An oxygenated global ocean during the end-Triassic mass extinction event

An oxygenated global ocean during the end-Triassic mass extinction event

Testing geological proxies for deep‐time tidal model simulations

On the occurrence of rare nannoliths (calcareous nannofossils) in the Early Jurassic and their implications for the end‐Triassic mass extinction

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