Extensive Drug Resistance of Strong Biofilm-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Infections and Colonization Hospitalized Patients in Southern Poland

Kasperski, Tomasz; Romaniszyn, Dorota; Jachowicz-Matczak, Estera; Pomorska-Wesołowska, Monika; Wójkowska‐Mach, Jadwiga; Chmielarczyk, Agnieszka

doi:10.3390/pathogens12080975

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The study Kasperski et al. also highlighted the high prevalence of strong biofilm-forming A. baumannii among XDR isolates, originating from ICU patients [ 54 ]. Some authors associate high-levels of biofilm-formation to the presence or absence of specific factors; such are the studies of Azizi et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility in biofilm-forming Acinetobacter baumannii: A focus on environmental isolates

Pallós,

Gajdács,

Urbán

et al. 2024

EuJMI

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The clinical role of Acinetobacter baumannii has been highlighted in numerous infectious syndromes with a high mortality rate, due to the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. The treatment and eradication of this pathogen is hindered by biofilm-formation, providing protection from noxious environmental factors and antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to assess the antibiotic susceptibility, antiseptic susceptibility and biofilm-forming capacity using phenotypic methods in environmental A. baumannii isolates. One hundred and fourteen (n = 114) isolates were collected, originating from various environmental sources and geographical regions. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the disk diffusion method, while antiseptic susceptibility was performed using the agar dilution method. Determination of biofilm-forming capacity was carried out using a microtiter-plate based method. Resistance in environmental A. baumannii isolates were highest for ciprofloxacin (64.03%, n = 73), levofloxacin (62.18%, n = 71) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (61.40%, n = 70), while lowest for colistin (1.75%, n = 2). Efflux pump overexpression was seen in 48.25% of isolates (n = 55), 49.12% (n = 56) were classified as MDR. 6.14% (n = 7), 9.65% (n = 11), 24.65% (n = 28) and 59.65% (n = 68) of isolates were non-biofilm producers, weak, medium, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. No significant differences were observed between non-MDR vs. MDR isolates regarding their distribution of biofilm-producers (P = 0.655). The MIC ranges for the tested antiseptics were as follows: benzalkonium chloride 16–128 μg mL−1, chlorhexidine digluconate 4–128 μg mL−1, formaldehyde 64–256 μg mL−1 and triclosan 2–16 μg mL−1, respectively. The conscientious use of antiseptics, together with periodic surveillance, is essential to curb the spread of these bacteria, and to maintain current infection prevention capabilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility in biofilm-forming Acinetobacter baumannii: A focus on environmental isolates

Pallós,

Gajdács,

Urbán

et al. 2024

EuJMI

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“…Several reports have shown the presence of ompA (detection from 81 to 100%), csuE (detection from 80 to 100%), and bap (detection from 43 to 91.4%) in clinical A. baumannii strains producing strong biofilms [232,[244][245][246][247][248]. In a recent study, Kasperski et al [249] reported that 72% of strong biofilm producer A. baumannii strains harbored four genes associated with biofilm formation (bap, bfmS, csuE, and ompA), showing their implication in bacterial adhesion on surfaces.…”

Section: Acinetobacter Baumanniimentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Bouhrour,

Nibbering,

Bendali

2024

Pathogens

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Medical devices such as venous catheters (VCs) and urinary catheters (UCs) are widely used in the hospital setting. However, the implantation of these devices is often accompanied by complications. About 60 to 70% of nosocomial infections (NIs) are linked to biofilms. The main complication is the ability of microorganisms to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms which protect them and help them to persist in the host. Indeed, by crossing the skin barrier, the insertion of VC inevitably allows skin flora or accidental environmental contaminants to access the underlying tissues and cause fatal complications like bloodstream infections (BSIs). In fact, 80,000 central venous catheters—BSIs (CVC-BSIs)—mainly occur in intensive care units (ICUs) with a death rate of 12 to 25%. Similarly, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are the most commonlyhospital-acquired infections (HAIs) worldwide. These infections represent up to 40% of NIs.In this review, we present a summary of biofilm formation steps. We provide an overview of two main and important infections in clinical settings linked to medical devices, namely the catheter-asociated bloodstream infections (CA-BSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), and highlight also the most multidrug resistant bacteria implicated in these infections. Furthermore, we draw attention toseveral useful prevention strategies, and advanced antimicrobial and antifouling approaches developed to reduce bacterial colonization on catheter surfaces and the incidence of the catheter-related infections.

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“…Biofilm formation by isolates was analyzed and categorized based on the absorbance of attached cells by crystal violet staining. The biofilm formation ability was then divided into 4 categories, i.e., none (OD≤ODc), weak (ODc<OD≤2xODc), moderate (2xODc<OD ≤4xODc), and strong (4xODc<OD) (Pompilio et al 2020, Kasperski et al 2023. A comparison test was performed using an independent t-test.…”

Section: The Research Process Began With the Identification Of Staphy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus

Marta Setiabudy,

Dewa Ayu Putri Sri Masyeni,

Anak Agung Gede Indraningrat

et al. 2023

FMI

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Highlights: 1. The significance of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, which are more likely to infectimmunocompromised patients, needed to be researched in greater depth.2. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was found to form significantly more biofilm than Staphylococcus aureus.3. Wound care and changing medical devices in immunocompromised patients on a regular basis may provide benefitsto prevent biofilm formation by Staphylococcus spp. Abstract Staphylococcus spp. are typically commensal microorganisms that can exist in the human body without causing illness. However, these bacteria have virulence factors, e.g., biofilm formation, that are important to note. Because biofilms shield bacteria from opsonophagocytosis and antimicrobial agents, they can cause persistent or chronic infections. Once they form biofilms, both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) can potentially cause incurable infections. This study aimed to compare biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus as a guide for the prevention and management of infection, which will maintain and improve the good health of the general population. This was an analytic research with a cross-sectional design. The study began by collecting the samples, identifying the species, and testing the biofilm production with a microtiter plate, which was then analyzed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). Comparison tests were conducted using an independent t-test. A value of p<0.05 was used as the cut-off that indicated significance. The total samples were 36 clinical isolates, consisting of 18 Staphylococcus aureus and 18 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The specimens consisted of 20 blood samples (55.6%) and 7 wound swabs (19.4%). The biofilm test on the samples showed that 83.3% of the samples produced biofilms. The data revealed that the isolates formed biofilms, with 14 isolates (38.9%) in the strong category, 10 isolates (27.8%) in the moderate category, and each of 6 isolates (16.7%) in the weak and non-existent categories. Both Staphylococcus spp. appeared to have biofilm-forming activity, but coagulase-negative Staphylococcus appeared to be significantly more dominant (p=0.008). Strong biofilm was produced by 61.1% of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates. In conclusion, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus formed a stronger biofilm than Staphylococcus aureus. Its presence as an infection-causing bacteria, particularly in immunocompromised patients, should not be underestimated.

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Extensive Drug Resistance of Strong Biofilm-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Isolated from Infections and Colonization Hospitalized Patients in Southern Poland

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Characterization of antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility in biofilm-forming Acinetobacter baumannii: A focus on environmental isolates

Characterization of antibiotic and disinfectant susceptibility in biofilm-forming Acinetobacter baumannii: A focus on environmental isolates

Medical Device-Associated Biofilm Infections and Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus

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