Extension of the virtual isotropic material concept to mixed mode I/II loading for predicting the last-ply-failure of U-notched glass/epoxy laminated composite specimens

Torabi, A.R.; Pirhadi, E.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.107287

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Furthermore, the deformation of the bolts was disregarded and they were modeled as rigid bodies since they were made from high-strength steel and, accordingly, their stiffness was one order of magnitude higher than that of the spruce wood. Finally, although the spruce wood is orthotropic in nature, it was modeled as a homogeneous and isotropic material with linear elastic behavior, thanks to the application of the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last few decades, different approaches have been developed for the fracture analysis of isotropic engineering materials weakened by notches, such as stress/strain-based models, the cohesive zone model (CZM), finite fracture mechanics (FFM), and some others. Recently, some of these approaches have also been utilized for the last-ply-failure prediction of polymer matrix composites (PMCs), which are actually categorized as orthotropic materials [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The use of failure criteria of isotropic materials for the critical load prediction of orthotropic materials has been applied by equating the real orthotropic material with a virtual isotropic material using the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some of these approaches have also been utilized for the last-ply-failure prediction of polymer matrix composites (PMCs), which are actually categorized as orthotropic materials [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The use of failure criteria of isotropic materials for the critical load prediction of orthotropic materials has been applied by equating the real orthotropic material with a virtual isotropic material using the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. For the sake of brevity, VIMC is not explained herein and the readers of this manuscript are referred to references [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meneghetti et al [ 30 ] generalized the SED criterion to mode I/III loading conditions. Other approaches such as stress-based models, finite fracture mechanics (FFM), and the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) have also been utilized [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tensile-Tearing Fracture Analysis of U-Notched Spruce Samples

et al. 2022

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Spruce wood (Picea Mariana) is a highly orthotropic material whose fracture behavior in the presence of U-shaped notches and under combined tensile-tearing loading (so-called mixed-mode I/III loading) is analyzed in this work. Thus, several tests are carried out on U-notched samples with different notch tip radii (1 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm) under various combinations of loading modes I and III (pure mode I, pure mode III, and three mixed-mode I/III loadings), from which both the experimental fracture loads and the fracture angles of the specimens are obtained. Because of the linear elastic behavior of the spruce wood, the point stress (PS) and mean stress (MS) methods, both being stress-based criteria, are used in combination with the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) for predicting the fracture loads and the fracture angles. By employing the VIMC, the spruce wood as an orthotropic material is modeled as a homogeneous and isotropic material with linear elastic behavior. The stress components required for calculating the experimental values of notch stress intensity factors are obtained by finite element (FE) analyses of the test configuration using commercial FE software from the fracture loads obtained experimentally. The discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical results of the critical notch stress intensity factors are obtained between −12.1% and −15% for the PS criterion and between −5.9% and −14.6% for the MS criterion, respectively. The discrepancies related to fracture initiation angle range from −1.0% to +12.1% for the PS criterion and from +1.5% to +12.2% for the MS criterion, respectively. Thus, both the PS and MS models have good accuracy when compared with the experimental data. It is also found that both failure criteria underestimate the fracture resistance of spruce wood under mixed-mode I/III loading.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Tensile-Tearing Fracture Analysis of U-Notched Spruce Samples

et al. 2022

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“…Recently, Torabi and Pirhadi developed a novel method to simplify the analysis of laminated composites, the so-called Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC). The authors successfully applied the VIMC on glass/epoxy-notched laminated composites containing U-and V-notches, in combination with two well-known brittle stress criteria: the maximum tangential stress (MTS) criterion and the mean stress (MS) criterion, to predict the last-ply failure (LPF) loads under both mode I and mixed-mode I/II loadings [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Load Prediction in Notched E/Glass–Epoxy-Laminated Composites Using the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept Combined with the Average Strain Energy Density Criterion

et al. 2021

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This paper attempts to validate the application of the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept (VIMC) in combination with the average strain energy density (ASED) criterion to predict the critical load in notched laminated composites. This methodology was applied to E/glass–epoxy-laminated composites containing U-notches. For this purpose, a series of fracture test data recently published in the literature on specimens with different notch tip radii, lay-up configurations, and a number of plies were employed. It was shown that the VIMC–ASED combined approach provided satisfactory predictions of the last-ply failure (LPF) loads (i.e., critical loads).

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Solutions and applications of fracture properties for clamped single edge notched tensile specimen of orthotropic materials

Wang,

Jin,

Chen

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Clamped single edge notched tensile (SENT) specimens are widely used in fracture toughness test and fatigue crack growth experiment of structural materials. However, the existing fracture parameters of clamped SENT specimens are all based on isotropic conditions, which limits the application of anisotropic materials. In this study, a systematic finite element analysis of orthotropic clamped SENT specimens was carried out to determine the stress intensity factor (K) and compliance (C). A wide range of orthotropic and geometric parameters, including crack length over width ratio (a/W), daylight to width ratio (H/W), and material parameters λ and ρ, were considered. The coupling effects of material parameters and geometrical dimensions on fracture properties were then investigated. Results showed that the K and C increase with the increase of a/W and H/W, and decrease with the increase of λ and ρ. The value of C is more sensitive to changes of orthotropic and geometric parameters than the K. Moreover, the accurate solutions for normalized K, C and compliance‐based crack length prediction were developed. Applications of the proposed solutions on experimental data were presented and discussed. The current results will help to accurately calculate the fracture toughness or FCG rate of composites, further advancing the standardization process of composites testing based on SENT specimens.Highlights Evaluate the K and Compliance for orthotropic single edge notched tensile (SENT) specimens using 2D finite element analysis; The coupling effects of orthotropic parameters and geometric sizes are studied; Develop prediction equations for K and C of clamped SENT specimen; Propose a universal crack length estimation method based on the compliance; Discuss the application of the proposed equations to the tested data of UD CFRP.

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Extension of the virtual isotropic material concept to mixed mode I/II loading for predicting the last-ply-failure of U-notched glass/epoxy laminated composite specimens

Cited by 20 publications

References 48 publications

Tensile-Tearing Fracture Analysis of U-Notched Spruce Samples

Tensile-Tearing Fracture Analysis of U-Notched Spruce Samples

Critical Load Prediction in Notched E/Glass–Epoxy-Laminated Composites Using the Virtual Isotropic Material Concept Combined with the Average Strain Energy Density Criterion

Solutions and applications of fracture properties for clamped single edge notched tensile specimen of orthotropic materials

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