Extension of direct displacement‐based design methodology for bridges to account for higher mode effects

Kappos, Andreas J.; Gkatzogias, Konstantinos I.; Gidaris, Ioannis

doi:10.1002/eqe.2229

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…More recently, Kappos et al (2012aKappos et al ( , 2013 have extended the DDBD procedure to properly include higher mode effects and also added additional design criteria (see Sect. 7.3.1).…”

Section: Overview Of Pbd Methods For Bridgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What should be added here is first that for a design approach to be pragmatic the criteria to be satisfied during the iterations should not be excessively strict (e.g. obtaining the target displacement within 1 %), and second that, unfortunately, not all design procedures converge even if the convergence criteria are not very strict; again this is more the case when higher modes and/or configurations issues are involved (Kappos et al 2013).…”

Section: Number Of Iterations Requiredmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In view of the aforementioned limitations of DDBD and the fact that bridges are structures wherein higher modes usually play a more critical role than in buildings, the procedure presented herein (Kappos et al 2013) attempts to refine and extend the procedure for bridges proposed by Dwairi and Kowalsky (2006) by including some additional design criteria and accounting for higher mode effects, not only regarding the proper definition of a target-displacement profile (comprising non-synchronous displacements, since all significant modes are considered), but also the proper definition of the corresponding peak structural response. The extended procedure, called modal direct displacement-based design, follows the general approach introduced in previous studies of Chopra and Goel (2002) on buildings and Paraskeva et al (Paraskeva and Kappos 2010;Paraskeva et al 2006) on bridges, noting that these studies deal with the pushover procedure, rather than with design based on elastic analysis.…”

Section: A Pbd Procedures Based On Elastic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7.3.1 are applied in the following to an actual concrete bridge (Kappos et al 2013), whose different pier heights and the unrestrained transverse displacement at the abutments result in an increased contribution of the second mode. The bridge is designed both to the 'standard' DDBD procedure proposed by Kowalsky and co-workers (Kowalsky 2002;Dwairi and Kowalsky 2006) and to the more rigorous procedure described in Sect.…”

Section: Application Of the Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The T7 Overpass was redesigned (Kappos et al 2013) using DDBD, both in the form proposed in (Dwairi and Kowalsky 2006), and its modified version presented herein, for two different seismic zones. The Greek Seismic Code (EAK 2000) elastic spectrum (Ministry of Public Works of Greece 2010) for Zone II (PGA of 0.24 g) and III (PGA of 0.36 g) was the basis for seismic design; it corresponded to ground conditions category 'B' of the Code, which can be deemed equivalent to subsoil class 'B' of older drafts of Eurocode 8 and closer to ground 'C' in its final (CEN 2004).…”

Section: Description Of Studied Bridgementioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance-Based Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

Kappos

2015

Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering

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Current trends in the seismic design and assessment of bridges are discussed, with emphasis on two procedures that merit some particular attention, displacement-based procedures and deformation-based procedures. The available performance-based methods for bridges are critically reviewed and a number of critical issues are identified, which arise in all procedures. Then two recently proposed methods are presented in some detail, one based on the direct displacementbased design approach, using equivalent elastic analysis and properly reduced displacement spectra, and one based on the deformation-based approach, which involves a type of partially inelastic response-history analysis for a set of ground motions and wherein pier ductility is included as a design parameter, along with displacement criteria. The current trends in seismic assessment of bridges are then summarised and the more rigorous assessment procedure, i.e. nonlinear dynamic response-history analysis, is used to assess the performance of bridges designed to the previously described procedures. Finally some comments are offered on the feasibility of including such methods in the new generation of bridge codes.

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Section: Overview Of Pbd Methods For Bridgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Number Of Iterations Requiredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Pbd Procedures Based On Elastic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of the Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Studied Bridgementioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance-Based Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

Kappos

2015

Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering

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Earthquake magnitude calculation without saturation from the scaling of peak ground displacement

Melgar

Crowell

Geng

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

134

127

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GPS instruments are noninertial and directly measure displacements with respect to a global reference frame, while inertial sensors are affected by systematic offsets—primarily tilting—that adversely impact integration to displacement. We study the magnitude scaling properties of peak ground displacement (PGD) from high‐rate GPS networks at near‐source to regional distances (~10–1000 km), from earthquakes between Mw6 and 9. We conclude that real‐time GPS seismic waveforms can be used to rapidly determine magnitude, typically within the first minute of rupture initiation and in many cases before the rupture is complete. While slower than earthquake early warning methods that rely on the first few seconds of P wave arrival, our approach does not suffer from the saturation effects experienced with seismic sensors at large magnitudes. Rapid magnitude estimation is useful for generating rapid earthquake source models, tsunami prediction, and ground motion studies that require accurate information on long‐period displacements.

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Extension of displacement‐based simplified procedures to the seismic loss assessment of multi‐span RC bridges

Perdomo

Monteiro

2020

Earthq Engng Struct Dyn

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Simplified seismic assessment procedures relying on displacement‐based formulations have recently been implemented for the evaluation of the seismic performance in buildings and bridges. For bridges, displacement‐based assessment procedures have been formulated to predict the displacement response at several performance levels defined based on the expected damage on the structural elements. These displacement profiles have been subsequently used to estimate the performance level achieved under a given seismic hazard intensity and to develop damage fragility curves. For buildings, these concepts have been extended to compute economic losses in agreement with current performance‐based earthquake engineering procedures. In this study, existing displacement‐based formulations for the approximate seismic assessment of single‐column multi‐span continuous RC bridges, with non‐sacrificial shear keys for the pier‐to‐deck connections, are extended for the computation of expected annual losses under transverse direction excitation. Additionally, an iterative response spectrum analysis procedure, which directly considers higher mode effects, is proposed for computing the displacement response, and these results are also used to estimate direct expected annual losses. Results show that both procedures tend to compute higher losses when compared with those obtained with a fully probabilistic loss assessment framework, using demand estimations computed with nonlinear response history analysis. Results also show that the simplified loss assessment procedure is highly sensitive to the definition of the collapse fragility curve.

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Extension of direct displacement‐based design methodology for bridges to account for higher mode effects

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Performance-Based Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

Performance-Based Seismic Design and Assessment of Bridges

Earthquake magnitude calculation without saturation from the scaling of peak ground displacement

Extension of displacement‐based simplified procedures to the seismic loss assessment of multi‐span RC bridges

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