Extension of Das and Butler Semianalytical Flow Model

Knorr, Kelvin D.; Imran, Muhammad

doi:10.2118/148944-pa

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The idea of solvent vapour extraction was first introduced by Knorr and Imran (2011). The operational concept of SVX is similar to that of Vapex, with the major difference being the placement of horizontal injection/production wells that makes SVX suitable for even thin reservoirs featuring less than 8 meters of reservoir thickness.…”

Section: Solvent Vapour Extraction (Svx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation Of Hybrid SAGD Using Carbon Dioxide, Propane, Nitrogen and Methane

Imran¹

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates a hybrid SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage) process utilizing four gaseous solvents, namely, carbon dioxide, propane, nitrogen and methane that are co-injected with steam at different concentrations of 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 wt%. The objectives are to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of non-condensable gases like methane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide with those of condensable hydrocarbons like propane; to evaluate the performance of hybrid SAGD applied to depleted, low-pressure oil reservoirs; and to numerically simulate the experimental results and obtain tuned relative permeability curves. For this purpose, rigorous experimentation is done using a laboratory-scale, cylindrical replica (i.e., physical model) of an oil reservoir with a set of parallel horizontal injection and production wells. A numerical process model is developed, simulated, and calibrated with the help of experimental data. The experimental setup incorporates i) an injection system designed to co-inject solvent and steam at the required injection temperature of 195°C and pressure of 1.45 MPa, gauge; ii) a production system designed to collect the produced fluids and measure the fractional flow of each phase while ensuring smooth operation with minimal variations in production pressure; and iii) control systems designed to precisely control the heaters temperatures. The experiments are performed at isothermal conditions with model permeability and porosity, respectively, 10.7 Darcy and 32%. It is observed that for low pressure reservoirs, oil recoveries with co-injected solvents are at least 18% more than that from steam alone. On an equal-weight-percentage basis, methane is found to be the best solvent, and results in the highest oil recovery of 50.7% of the original oil in place. Compared to non-condensable gases, propane has the highest solvent retention of up to 15%. The gases with higher solubility in heavy oil, like carbon dioxide and propane, show a reduction in oil recovery with an increase in feed solvent concentration. A numerical model of the process is developed and simulated using Computer Modelling Group’s (CMG) WinProp and STARS simulators. For the solvents that are found to be promising, the simulated oil, water and gas recoveries are history-matched with their experimental counterparts by adjusting the relative permeability curves. The resulting, calibrated model is able to predict oil, water and gas recovery in the hybrid SAGD process with less than 5% relative error.

show abstract

Section: Solvent Vapour Extraction (Svx)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation Of Hybrid SAGD Using Carbon Dioxide, Propane, Nitrogen and Methane

Imran¹

2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To more accurately model the phase behavior of the solvents-CO 2 heavy-oil systems, the following modified alpha function (Li and Yang 2011) is used in the PR EOS model, a ¼ exp ð0:13280 À 0:05052x þ 0:25948x 2 Þ Âð1 À T r Þ þ 0:81769ln½1 þ ð0:31355 þ1:86745x À 0:52604x 2 Þð1 À ffiffiffiffi ffi T r p Þ 2 8 > < > : Oil For mixture, one can calculate a and b with the van der Waals mixing rules,…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The swelling factors of the C 3 H 8 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system and the CO 2 / heavy-oil system are measured to be 1.058 and 1.031, respectively, at the end of the diffusion test (168 hours). Such enhanced swelling effect of the C 3 H 8 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system is attributed to the fact that C 3 H 8 diffuses faster into heavy oil than CO 2 and that C 3 H 8 is able to generate a larger swelling effect than CO 2 when the same mole fractions of CO 2 or C 3 H 8 are dissolved in heavy oil (Yang and Gu 2006;Li et al 2011).…”

Section: Molecular-diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the mole fraction of a solvent in the solvent/CO 2 mixture, therefore, pressure is another important parameter to be considered in designing an efficient solvent/CO 2 -based huff'n'puff process. A higher operating pressure generally not only leads to a higher equilibrium solubility of the solvent/CO 2 mixture in heavy oil (Li et al 2011), but also enables a faster diffusion of the solvent/CO 2 mixture into heavy oil. As such, one can achieve a more-effective and -efficient swelling effect and viscosity reduction at a higher operating pressure.…”

Section: Molecular-diffusion Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of Individual Diffusion Coefficients of Solvent/CO2 Mixture in Heavy Oil With Pressure-Decay Method

Yang

2016

SPE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel methodology was developed to determine the moleculardiffusion coefficient for each component of the solvent/CO 2 mixture in heavy oil under reservoir conditions on the basis of the pressure-decay theory. Experimentally, molecular-diffusion tests for the solvent/CO 2 /heavy-oil systems (i.e., pure-CO 2 /heavy-oil system, C 3 H 8 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system, and n-C 4 H 10 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system) are performed with a DBR pressure/volume/temperature system at constant temperature and decayed pressure. Theoretically, the Peng-Robinson equation of state combined with a 1D diffusion model is developed to describe the diffusion process of solvent/CO 2 mixture in heavy oil. The composition analysis in the beginning and the end of pressure-decay experiments for the solvent/CO 2 /heavy-oil system indicate that the gas-phase solvent fraction decreases as diffusion proceeds, whereas the gas-phase CO 2 fraction increases during the tests. One can determine the individual molecular-diffusion coefficient for each component in the mixture by minimizing the discrepancy between the measured composition change and the calculated composition change with the diffusion model. The newly developed methodology is successfully validated with the diffusion tests on the two solvent/CO 2 mixtures: C 3 H 8 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system and n-C 4 H 10 /CO 2 /heavyoil system. As for the solvent/CO 2 mixtures tested, the moleculardiffusion coefficient of solvent in heavy oil is found to be significantly larger than that of CO 2 in heavy oil. At similar test conditions, the C 3 H 8 /CO 2 /heavy-oil system ends up with a swelling factor of 1.058 after 168 hours of diffusion test, in comparison to 1.031 for the CO 2 /heavy-oil system. Experimental Materials.A heavy-oil sample is collected from the Lloydminster area in Saskatchewan, Canada. The heavy-oil sample has a molecular weight (MW) of 482 g/mol and a density of 999.7 kg/m 3 . Table 1 shows the compositional-analysis result for the heavy oil. The viscosity of the heavy-oil sample is given by (Li et al. 2013a)

show abstract

“…To date, most analytical modeling attempts have focused on VAPEX. Analytical models have been applied to Hele-Shaw cell experiments, but challenges remain in accounting for hydrodynamic dispersion and upscaling to reservoir conditions. ,,− Several authors have investigated an empirical geometry-based model where a specific shape is assumed for the drainage layer and a relationship is derived to predict the bitumen production rates and the solvent chamber growth. − However, it has been shown with VAPEX that the drainage layer does not necessarily progress with a particular shape . In addition, the relationship between the bitumen production rate and the chamber shape is empirical and may not apply well to reservoirs outside the original study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Solvent-Assisted Gravity Drainage in a Packed Hele-Shaw Cell with Liquid Toluene over Bitumen

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The condensing solvent process is a heavy oil (or bitumen) recovery method where the injected vapor solvent condenses when it contacts the colder bitumen and the bitumen diffuses into the condensed liquid. The process has been piloted, but field implementation is impeded by the absence of a reliable model to upscale laboratory measurements to the field scale. In order to better understand and represent the mechanisms controlling the process, a glass-bead-packed Hele-Shaw type apparatus was partially filled with bitumen with a sloped interface, and liquid toluene was flowed on top of the bitumen layer at a fixed flow rate. Bitumen and solvent recoveries were measured over time, and the change in the bitumen profile was tracked with a camera. The key mechanisms of the process were verified to be the diffusion of bitumen into solvent through convective mass transfer and convective flow of the resulting mixture in the drainage layer by gravity. An approximate analytical solution was derived for dilute conditions (high solvent flow rates) and used to identify the transition from a finite to a semi-infinite mass transfer boundary condition in the drainage layer. A numerical model was fitted to the experimental data, and a correlation was established for the convective mass transfer coefficient of bitumen into the solvent in porous media. The correlation has only one adjustable parameter which was constant for steady-state mass transfer in the semi-infinite acting regime.

show abstract

Extension of Das and Butler Semianalytical Flow Model

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Investigation Of Hybrid SAGD Using Carbon Dioxide, Propane, Nitrogen and Methane

Investigation Of Hybrid SAGD Using Carbon Dioxide, Propane, Nitrogen and Methane

Determination of Individual Diffusion Coefficients of Solvent/CO2 Mixture in Heavy Oil With Pressure-Decay Method

Investigation of Solvent-Assisted Gravity Drainage in a Packed Hele-Shaw Cell with Liquid Toluene over Bitumen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About