Extending SFR model to incorporate the influence of thermal states on primary frequency response

Cao, Yongji; Zhang, Hengxu; Zhang, Yi; Xie, You; Ma, Chengbin

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.0206

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The SFR model has been widely used for the analysis of frequency dynamic response under contingency. In the SFR model, the frequency of the center of inertia (COI) ∆fc is considered [30], which can be represented as,…”

Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SFR model was developed with the assumption that the frequency regulation of the system is provided by synchronous generators [30]. In order to estimate the required frequency regulation capability, an ESFR model is established by integrating the influence of the BESS into the SFR model.…”

Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The droop control is employed for the power adjustment. Besides, the system base of the SFR model is the sum of the ratings of synchronous generators [30]. The parameter of the BESS should be normalized to the system base.…”

Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of the proposed scheme under contingencies is analyzed. Additionally, the sudden load increase and generation outage are considered in the disturbance scenarios [30]. The snapshot of the system at 10:00 in the first scenario in Fig.…”

Section: Performance Analysis Under Contingencymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Chance-Constrained Optimal Configuration of BESS Considering Uncertain Power Fluctuation and Frequency Deviation Under Contingency

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

Self Cite

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With the accelerating integration of variable renewable energies (VREs), power systems become more vulnerable to active power disturbances, and more drastic frequency dynamics emerge. The battery energy storage system (BESS) is able to handle the uncertainties of VREs, and the decreasing system inertia and frequency regulation capability. This paper proposes a chance-constrained optimal configuration scheme for the BESS to maintain both the uncertain power fluctuations and frequency deviation within predefined limits. First, the required frequency regulation capability of the BESS constrained by the maximum transient frequency deviation (MTFD) and quasi-steady-state frequency deviation (QSSFD) is estimated. Then, the kernel density estimation method is utilized to model the net power fluctuations of VREs and load. A multiobjective chance-constrained programming model accounting for the life cycle cost, energy arbitrage, uncertain power fluctuation, MTFD, and QSSFD is established to optimize the capacity of the BESS. Furthermore, the Bernstein approximation is utilized to process the chance constraint, and transform the optimization model into a deterministic form. Based on the linear weighted method and Benders decomposition, the optimization model is solved through alternating iteration. Case studies were conducted to validate the proposed scheme, showing superior performance in smoothing uncertain power fluctuations, and reducing frequency deviation under contingencies.

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Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Esfr Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performance Analysis Under Contingencymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Chance-Constrained Optimal Configuration of BESS Considering Uncertain Power Fluctuation and Frequency Deviation Under Contingency

Cao

Zhang

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [ 21 ], an integration method was proposed to combine the SFR model and Type-3 wind turbines for dynamic frequency analysis. In [ 22 ], an improved SFR model was proposed to analyze the influences of thermal states on dynamic frequency responses by extending the typical SFR model with a thermodynamic boiler submodel. Overall, there is always a trade-off between computational efficiency and accuracy in the equivalent model-based methods.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency Stability Prediction of Power Systems Using Vision Transformer and Copula Entropy

Liu

Han

et al. 2022

Entropy

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This paper addresses the problem of frequency stability prediction (FSP) following active power disturbances in power systems by proposing a vision transformer (ViT) method that predicts frequency stability in real time. The core idea of the FSP approach employing the ViT is to use the time-series data of power system operations as ViT inputs to perform FSP accurately and quickly so that operators can decide frequency control actions, minimizing the losses caused by incidents. Additionally, due to the high-dimensional and redundant input data of the power system and the O(N2) computational complexity of the transformer, feature selection based on copula entropy (CE) is used to construct image-like data with fixed dimensions from power system operation data and remove redundant information. Moreover, no previous FSP study has taken safety margins into consideration, which may threaten the secure operation of power systems. Therefore, a frequency security index (FSI) is used to form the sample labels, which are categorized as “insecurity”, “relative security”, and “absolute security”. Finally, various case studies are carried out on a modified New England 39-bus system and a modified ACTIVSg500 system for projected 0% to 40% nonsynchronous system penetration levels. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on normal, noisy, and incomplete datasets in comparison with eight machine-learning methods.

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Frequency-constrained expansion planning for wind and photovoltaic power in wind-photovoltaic-hydro-thermal multi-power system

Zhang,

Liao,

Yang

et al. 2024

Applied Energy

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Extending SFR model to incorporate the influence of thermal states on primary frequency response

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Chance-Constrained Optimal Configuration of BESS Considering Uncertain Power Fluctuation and Frequency Deviation Under Contingency

Chance-Constrained Optimal Configuration of BESS Considering Uncertain Power Fluctuation and Frequency Deviation Under Contingency

Frequency Stability Prediction of Power Systems Using Vision Transformer and Copula Entropy

Frequency-constrained expansion planning for wind and photovoltaic power in wind-photovoltaic-hydro-thermal multi-power system

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