We consider a vectorial, asymptotically free SUðN c Þ gauge theory with N f fermions in a representation R having an infrared (IR) fixed point. We calculate and analyze Padé approximants to scheme-independent series expansions for physical quantities at this IR fixed point, including the anomalous dimension, γψ ψ;IR , to OðΔ 4 f Þ, and the derivative of the beta function, β 0 IR , to OðΔ 5 f Þ, where Δ f is an N f -dependent expansion variable. We consider the fundamental, adjoint, and rank-2 symmetric tensor representations. The results are applied to obtain further estimates of γψ ψ;IR and β 0 IR for several SUðN c Þ groups and representations R, and comparisons are made with lattice measurements. We apply our results to obtain new estimates of the extent of the respective non-Abelian Coulomb phases in several theories. For R ¼ F, the limit N c → ∞ and N f → ∞ with N f =N c fixed is considered. We assess the accuracy of the scheme-independent series expansion of γψ ψ;IR in comparison with the exactly known expression in an N ¼ 1 supersymmetric gauge theory. It is shown that an expansion of γψ ψ;IR to OðΔ 4 f Þ is quite accurate throughout the entire non-Abelian Coulomb phase of this supersymmetric theory.