“…European law poses the legal obligation for this take-back on the automotive OEMs, respectively, collaborating car dealers or workshops (e.g., Directive 2000/53/EC 2000Directive 2006/66/EC 2006. To prevent non-authorized third parties from performing maintenance work on the battery systems or accessing the battery systems' usage and status data, automotive OEM's employ proprietary components that demand for OEM-specific equipment and that use encryption on battery-specific data streams and stored battery data (CBR:PE°#2; SPR:MD°#1,°#3, CEI:M1°#1, BRC:BR2°#1) (Ahmadi et al 2014;Monhof et al 2015;Neubauer et al 2015). Moreover, strong legal and regulatory requirements that result from an EVB's hazard potential and its labeling as a dangerous good set high knowledge and equipment barriers for handling and transporting used EVBs (CRL:CR1°#1, ATI:MD°#5, BRC:BR2°#1), which especially prevents most EV owners from performing maintenance work or the battery exchange on their own.…”