Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing
            <i>Escherichia Coli</i>
            in Wastewaters and Refugee Camp in Lebanon

Tokajian, Sima; Moghnieh, Rima; Salloum, Tamara; Arabaghian, Harout; Alousi, Sahar; Moussa, Jennifer; Abboud, Edmond; Youssef, Souad; Husni, Rola

doi:10.2217/fmb-2017-0093

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…These included the blaCTX-M-15 gene located on an IncF plasmid (Diab et al, 2018). In another study, ESBL producing E. coli were addressed in a refugee camp and from river effluents (Tokajian et al, 2018). The prevalence of ESBL was similar in both groups (53.11% versus 49.1%).…”

Section: Distribution Of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms In the Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the latter presented with different phylogroups and sequence types; in addition, refugee camp isolated strains had higher resistance rates toward aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Tokajian et al, 2018). In this study, the most common ESBL types detected in both sources were CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-14, and CTX-M-9 (Tokajian et al, 2018). Furthermore, it is worth noting the detection of OXA-72 producing Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in vegetables in Lebanon.…”

Section: Distribution Of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms In the Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in the Middle East Using a One Health Approach

et al. 2019

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In the last decade, extended-spectrum cephalosporin and carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) have been extensively reported in the literature as being disseminated in humans but also in animals and the environment. These resistant organisms often cause treatment challenges due to their wide spectrum of antibiotic resistance. With the emergence of colistin resistance in animals and its subsequent detection in humans, the situation has worsened. Several studies reported the transmission of resistant organisms from animals to humans. Studies from the middle east highlight the spread of resistant organisms in hospitals and to a lesser extent in livestock and the environment. In view of the recent socio-economical conflicts that these countries are facing in addition to the constant population mobilization; we attempt in this review to highlight the gaps of the prevalence of resistance, antibiotic consumption reports, infection control measures and other risk factors contributing in particular to the spread of resistance in these countries. In hospitals, carbapenemases producers appear to be dominant. In contrast, extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) and colistin resistance are becoming a serious problem in animals. This is mainly due to the continuous use of colistin in veterinary medicine even though it is now abandoned in the human sphere. In the environment, despite the small number of reports, ESBL and carbapenemases producers were both detected. This highlights the importance of the latter as a bridge between humans and animals in the transmission chain. In this review, we note that in the majority of the Middle Eastern area, little is known about the level of antibiotic consumption especially in the community and animal farms. Furthermore, some countries are currently facing issues with immigrants, poverty and poor living conditions which has been imposed by the civil war crisis. This all greatly facilitates the dissemination of resistance in all environments. In the one health concept, this work re-emphasizes the need to have global intervention measures to avoid dissemination of antibiotic resistance in humans, animals and the environment in Middle Eastern countries.

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Section: Distribution Of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms In the Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution Of Multi-drug Resistant Organisms In the Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in the Middle East Using a One Health Approach

et al. 2019

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“…bla NDM-1 PCR was performed on the extracted plasmid DNA using NDM-F (5 0 -GGTTTGGCGATCTGGTTTTC-3 0 ) and NDM-R (5 0 -CGGAATGGCT-CATCACGATC-3 0 ) primers under conditions described previously by Nordmann et al (2011). bla OXA PCR was performed as described previously (Tokajian et al, 2018).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic mapping of ST85 blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-94 producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Syrian Civil War Victims

Salloum

Tannous

Alousi

et al. 2018

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…Although ESBL-producing bacteria have traditionally been considered a clinical problem, their presence in the environment has gained attention as an exposure route to humans through food items, drinking water, and direct contact with water bodies. Previous studies have identified aquatic ecosystems as "hot spots" for microorganisms from a variety of sources as well as the acquisition, evolution, and dissemination of ARB (Baquero et al, 2008;Machado and Bordalo, 2014;Tokajian et al, 2018). In addition, the added selective pressures of antimicrobials, biocides, heavy metals, and disinfectants promote the selection of bacterial defense mechanisms that uphold their survival and spread (Baquero et al, 2008;Marti et al, 2014;Tokajian et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Genome Sequencing and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Bacterial Strains Isolated From a Norwegian University Campus Pond

et al. 2020

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The presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in environmental sources has been reported worldwide and constitutes a serious risk of community-acquired infections with limited treatment options. The current study aimed to explore the presence of these worrisome bacteria in a pond located at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences in Ås, Norway. A total of 98 bacterial isolates survived growth on selective chromogenic media and were identified by 16S rRNA Sanger sequencing. All strains were evaluated for the presence of the most commonly found β-lactamases and ESBLs in clinical settings (bla CTX−M groups 1, 2, and 9, bla CMY , bla SHV , and bla TEM) and carbapenemases (bla IMP , bla KPC , bla NDM , bla OXA , bla SFC1 , bla VIM) through multiplex PCR. A total of eight strains were determined to contain one or more genes of interest. Phenotypic resistance to 18 antimicrobial agents was assessed and isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing through a combination of Oxford Nanopore's MinION and Illumina's MiSeq. Results revealed the presence of β-lactamase and ESBLproducing Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and a Paraburkholderia spp. Identified β-lactamases and ESBLs include bla CTX−M , bla TEM , bla CMY , bla SHV and a possible bla KPC-like gene, with both documented and novel sequences established. In addition, two inducible β-lactamases were found, a class A β-lactamase (L1) and a cephalosporinase (L2). All strains were determined to be multidrug resistant and numerous resistance genes to non-β-lactams were observed. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that environmental sources are a potential reservoir of clinically relevant ESBL-producing bacteria that may pose a health risk to humans upon exposure.

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Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia Coli in Wastewaters and Refugee Camp in Lebanon

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

Understanding the Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in the Middle East Using a One Health Approach

Understanding the Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in the Middle East Using a One Health Approach

Genomic mapping of ST85 blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-94 producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Syrian Civil War Victims

Whole Genome Sequencing and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Bacterial Strains Isolated From a Norwegian University Campus Pond

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