Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)–ProducingKlebsiella pneumoniaein Bulk Tank Milk from Dairy Farms in Indonesia

Abstract

Bulk tank milk from 80 dairy farms located in the West Java Region of Indonesia was analyzed for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Isolates from seven dairy farms were ESBL positive, and all were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolates showed ESBL-characteristic antibiotic resistance patterns. Further analysis revealed that all K. pneumoniae isolates harbored the blaSHV gene, and two isolates were additionally positive for the blaTEM-1 and blaCTX-M-15 genes. Isolates from different farms were clonally diverse according to macrorestriction analysis. The results indicate that the relatively high frequency of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in bulk tank milk implies the risk that milk is both a source of local exposure and a vector contributing to the supraregional spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria by trade.

Presencia de Enterobacteriaceae productoras de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (ESBL) en leche de tanque a granel de granjas lecheras bovinas en Antioquia, Colombia

“…The frequency of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae reported in this study (3.3%) agrees with other studies conducted in bulk-tank milk samples in Switzerland, Brazil, India, the Czech Republic, Indonesia, and Germany, which reported prevalences ranging between 0 and 9% (Geser et al, 2012;Nóbrega et al, 2013;Rasheed et al, 2014;Skočková et al, 2015;Sudarwanto et al, 2015;Odenthal et al, 2016).…”

“…Our isolates contrast with the predominant isolates in dairy farms from other areas where E. coli and K. pneumoniae have been most frequently reported (Locatelli et al, 2010;Dahmen et al, 2013;Sudarwanto et al, 2015;Odenthal et al, 2016). However, the relevance of other bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family could be underestimated because studies have mainly focused on E. coli and K. pneumoniae (Smet et al, 2010;Schmid et al, 2013;Sudarwanto et al, 2015;Odenthal et al, 2016).…”

“…Recently, studies of the characteristics and prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in animals have increased in different countries worldwide (Smet et al, 2010;Timofte et al, 2014;Skočková et al, 2015;Sudarwanto et al, 2015;Odenthal et al, 2016). However, relatively few studies have been conducted in Colombia on antibiotic resistance in foodproducing animals and their products (Vanegas López et al, 2012;Jiménez Velásquez et al, 2013;DonadoGodoy et al, 2015) compared to other countries and to our knowledge, this is the first study conducted to determine the occurrence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in bulk-tank milk in Colombia.…”

“…However, the relevance of other bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family could be underestimated because studies have mainly focused on E. coli and K. pneumoniae (Smet et al, 2010;Schmid et al, 2013;Sudarwanto et al, 2015;Odenthal et al, 2016). Anyway, the discovery of these bacteria (Enterobacter sp.…”

CTX-M producing Escherichia coli isolated from cattle feces in Bogor slaughterhouse, Indonesia

“…Bacterial strains which were confirmed as producing ESBLs were further analyzed for the presence of bla genes of the ESBL subtypes TEM, SHV, and CTX-M (group 1, 2, 8, 9, or 25) by PCR using primers and conditions as previously reported [12]. Bacterial DNA was isolated with the DNeasy blood and tissue kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer's recommendations.…”