Extended Reality (XR) over 5G and 5G-Advanced New Radio: Standardization, Applications, and Trends

Petrov, Vitaly; Gapeyenko, Margarita; Paris, Stefano; Marcano, Andrea; Pedersen, Klaus I.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.02242

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The BSs are deployed across the tracking area according to the Strauss process with the inhibition coefficient of 0.9 and the inhibition distance of 200 m [13]. Devices can transition to the BS providing the best signal-tointerference-plus-noise (SINR) ratio with the handover delay of 2 − 10 ms [14]. We consider the system in which the users first transmit the tracking data, e.g., user position, to the selected BS in the uplink channel and then to a back-end server used for accurate synchronization and immediate access to an on-demand state.…”

Section: B Simulation Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of User Behavior, Communication, and Computing in Immersive Reality 6G Applications

et al. 2022

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Emerging extended reality (XR) services and applications that submerge users into a virtual universe pave the way toward ubiquitous contextualized experiences. Immersive interactions on-the-go not only bring new use cases but also distract users from the real world and modify their behavior and motion, which may, in turn, affect the operation of communication networks. This article explores the effects of XR user motion from the communication and computing perspectives. To this end, we offer a review of mobility patterns in XR and a detailed simulation study regarding the impact of interactiondependent gait patterns on delay and resource utilization. The results confirm the uniqueness of XR applications in terms of user behavior patterns, which calls for novel applicationcentric algorithms, protocols, and mechanisms to facilitate highperformance connectivity under demanding XR requirements.

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Section: B Simulation Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of User Behavior, Communication, and Computing in Immersive Reality 6G Applications

et al. 2022

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“…The localization problem refers to estimating the position and orientation of the UE based on the received signal y (7). Focusing on the LOS channels, we merge the NLOS component with the AWGN and then analyze the localization error bound.…”

Section: Localization Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focusing on the LOS channels, we merge the NLOS component with the AWGN and then analyze the localization error bound. By absorbing the NLOS into the AWGN, the model in (7) becomes…”

Section: Localization Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, y > 0, (42) 7 Since R U has only three degrees of freedom [13], we denote them as {α, β, γ}, which are the Euler angles that will be introduced in subsection VI-A.…”

Section: A Instantaneous Snrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, signals at the THz frequencies are unable to penetrate objects, leading to a more direct relationship between the propagation paths and the environment [6]. It is foreseeable that potential localization-aware applications, such as virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) [7], unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) [8], vehicular safety [9], etc., will be considered in future communication systems, and more compact and efficient cooperation paradigms of communication and localization will be continuously explored [6], [10], [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coverage Analysis of Joint Localization and Communication in THz Systems with 3D Arrays

Zheng¹,

Ballal²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<p>As a key enabler of Terahertz (THz)-based wireless technologies, large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output systems are well known for their advantages in both communication and localization. Different from existing works that mostly focus on planar arrays, this paper first explores the potential of the three-dimensional (3D) spatial array structure in joint localization and communication coverage enhancement. We consider a THz-band wireless system where a user is equipped with a 3D array receiving downlink far-field signals from multiple base stations with known positions and orientations over Rician fading channels. First, we derive the constrained Cramér-Rao bound (CCRB) for the localization (i.e., position and orientation estimation) performance, based on which we define the localization coverage metrics. Then, we derive the communication key performance indicators (KPIs) including instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, outage probability, and ergodic capacity, and define the corresponding coverage metrics. To facilitate localization applications using 3D arrays, a maximum likelihood-based algorithm for joint user equipment (UE) position and orientation estimation is proposed, which is initialized by a least squares-based solution. Our numerical results show the 3D array configuration offers overall higher coverage than the planar array w.r.t. both localization and communication KPIs, although with minor performance loss in certain UE positions and orientations. The proposed localization algorithm is also verified to be efficient in simulations as it attains the derived CCRB.</p>

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AI and 6G Into the Metaverse: Fundamentals, Challenges and Future Research Trends

Zawish,

Dharejo,

Khowaja

et al. 2024

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Since Facebook was renamed Meta, a lot of attention, debate, and exploration have intensified about what the Metaverse is, how it works, and the possible ways to exploit it. It is anticipated that Metaverse will be a continuum of rapidly emerging technologies, usecases, capabilities, and experiences that will make it up for the next evolution of the Internet. Several researchers have already surveyed the literature on artificial intelligence (AI) and wireless communications in realizing the Metaverse. However, due to the rapid emergence and continuous evolution of technologies, there is a need for a comprehensive and in-depth survey of the role of AI, 6G, and the nexus of both in realizing the immersive experiences of Metaverse. Therefore, in this survey, we first introduce the background and ongoing progress in augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR) and spatial computing, followed by the technical aspects of AI and 6G. Then, we survey the role of AI in the Metaverse by reviewing the state-of-the-art in deep learning, computer vision, and Edge AI to extract the requirements of 6G in Metaverse. Next, we investigate the promising services of B5G/6G towards Metaverse, followed by identifying the role of AI in 6G networks and 6G networks for AI in support of Metaverse applications, and the need for sustainability in Metaverse. Finally, we enlist the existing and potential applications, usecases, and projects to highlight the importance of progress in the Metaverse. Moreover, in order to provide potential research directions to researchers, we underline the challenges, research gaps, and lessons learned identified from the literature review of the aforementioned technologies.

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Extended Reality (XR) over 5G and 5G-Advanced New Radio: Standardization, Applications, and Trends

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Interplay of User Behavior, Communication, and Computing in Immersive Reality 6G Applications

Interplay of User Behavior, Communication, and Computing in Immersive Reality 6G Applications

Coverage Analysis of Joint Localization and Communication in THz Systems with 3D Arrays

AI and 6G Into the Metaverse: Fundamentals, Challenges and Future Research Trends

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