Extended Ladder‐Type Benzo[k]tetraphene‐Derived Oligomers

Abstract

and Engineering Texas A&MUniversity 3003 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3003 (USA) Supportinginformation and the ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under: https://doi.

Exploration of Syntheses and Functions of Higher Ladder-type π-Conjugated Heteroacenes

“…In addition, the higher LHAs exhibit lower molecular mobility (or lower dynamic exchange) during the crystallization process in solution, which prevented the molecules from packing orderly. 71,74 So far, the longest LHA whose structure has been confirmed by single-crystal analysis is compound 41 (Scheme 13) with 15 rings in its molecular backbone. 61 In general, it has been found that there are two common packing motifs adopted by LHAs that yield strong intermolecular overlap; namely, two-dimensional (2D) herringbone arrangement and onedimensional (1D) face-to-face p-stacked arrays.…”

“…Although recent progress showed the potential of some thermodynamic-driven reactions in annulating multiple rings in an extended ladder-type structure, most kinetically controlled synthetic methods generally exhibit low efficiencies, resulting in structural defects during multi-fold ring-closing processes. 71 Therefore, stepwise extension, where shorter LHAs are used as building blocks for the synthesis of longer derivatives, is a useful approach to avoid structural defects arising from multi-fold ring-closing processes. For example, benzodithiophene could be the building block for the synthesis of nine-ring compounds.…”

Ladder-Type Polymers and Ladder-Type Polyelectrolytes with On-Chain Dibenz[a,h]anthracene Chromophores

“…Moreover, PLDBA displays an absorption shoulder at 436 nm, the so-called α-band of polyaromatic hydrocarbons as previously reported for DBA-derived oligomers as well as for GNRs. 9,34 In the PL spectra of PLDBA, the emission maximum is also shifted to higher wavelengths upon cyclization [PLDBA in solution (chloroform): λ max = 441 nm, (λ exc = 380 nm)] if compared to PEL OD -F8 [in solution (chloroform): λ max = 414 nm, (λ exc = 320 nm)]. Moreover, PLDBA exhibits a well-resolved emission spectrum with narrow PL bands and vibronic progressions at 470 and 507 nm, which can be assigned to the 0−1 and 0−2 transitions as described for other ladder polymers as LPPP.…”

Porous Ladder Polymer Networks

“…[64][65][66][67][68] The term ''ladderization'' is defined here as the annulation of a polymer chain into a fully fused ladder-type constitution. Although it remains challenging to achieve defect-free ladder-type backbones and good solubility on ladder polymers, 56,64,[69][70][71] the unique fundamental chemistry and advanced materials applications of conjugated ladder polymers have gained intensive research attentions. The investigations of ladder polymers in applications such as gas separation, [72][73][74] organic light-emitting diodes, 75 and organic field-effect transistors 76 have emerged rapidly.…”