Expression Study Of TMEM229B Genes In Relation With Apoptotic Pathway Of STZ Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic non-communicable endocrine disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Streptozotocin (STZ) is a naturally occurring compound which damages pancreatic β cells and has been broadly implemented to produce an animal model of DM. The cytotoxic effect of STZ accompanying the synthesis of ROS bases oxidative stress and oxidative injury in the cells. Objectives: In the present study, the effect of STZ induction on the apoptotic genes as well as the glucose metabolism has been investigated. Methods: The two groups of albino rats (each n=6) were taken. One group has been considered as the control and the other was STZ induced diabetics. Results: It has been shown that the blood sugar levels of STZ treated rats showed a significant increase as compared to the control group, whereas significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the average body weights over a period of two weeks has been observed. This gradual and significant increase in blood sugar and decrease in weights of experimental group disclosed that STZ effectively had induced diabetes in treated rats. The histopathological results of diabetic pancreas has shown lower concentration of beta cells in Langerhans islets, Acinar cell necrosis and inflammatory cell aggregation around beta cell while they are normal in control group without any inflammation. Conclusion: To conclude, the expression of apoptotic genes like BAX, p53 and Caspase 3 has been upregulated markedly in STZ induced group whereas the level was normal in the control group. All the data was normalized using GAPDH as an internal control which remained consistent in both groups. Furthermore, the expression of TMEM229B which is a major contributor of glucose metabolism has also been studied and it was intensely repressed by STZ.