Expression profiling of human glial precursors

Campanelli, James T.; Sandrock, Robert W.; Wheatley, Will; Han, Xue; Ji, Zheng; Liang, Feng; Chesnut, Jonathan D.; Zhan, Ming; Rao, Mahendra S.; Liu, Ying

doi:10.1186/1471-213x-8-102

Cited by 33 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…9,11 The hGRP were differentiated into astrocytes by distinct protocols that were previously used to obtain astrocytes with different phenotypic properties including BMP-4 1,10,[15][16][17]19,42 and CNTF. 16,17,19,42 Cultures grown in the presence of bFGF were used to maintain the undifferentiated, immature state of glial progenitors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All protocols and procedures for hGRP isolation were reviewed by the Western Institutional Review Board (IRB), which deemed that any further IRB oversight was unnecessary. 9,11 Single-cell hGRP were purified by Miltenyi immunomagnetic columns as previously described. 9,11 Positively-selected cells were cultured for 20 days (two passages) in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 0.01% human serum albumin, penicillin/streptomycin/Fungizone, 1 · N2 supplement, 20 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 10 ng/mL PDGF-AA, and 5 ng/mL NT-3.…”

Section: Preparation Of Hgrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,11 Single-cell hGRP were purified by Miltenyi immunomagnetic columns as previously described. 9,11 Positively-selected cells were cultured for 20 days (two passages) in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 0.01% human serum albumin, penicillin/streptomycin/Fungizone, 1 · N2 supplement, 20 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 10 ng/mL PDGF-AA, and 5 ng/mL NT-3. hGRP were harvested with TrypLE (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY), cryopreserved in ProFreeze 15% DMSO, and stored in vapor phase liquid nitrogen.…”

Section: Preparation Of Hgrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial isolation and characterization of GRP from human tissues has been performed only recently and has demonstrated the potential of these cells to give rise to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in vitro, 1,[9][10][11] similarly to studies performed with rodent GRP. In addition, human GRP (hGRP) have been transplanted into the injured spinal cord and have demonstrated cell survival and differentiation into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, as well as an ability to limit post-injury scar formation, 12 promote motor and sensory recovery, 13 limit hyperactive autonomic responses, 12 and preserve electrophysiological function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Astrocytes Derived from Glial Restricted Progenitors Support Regeneration of the Injured Spinal Cord

Haas

Fischer

2013

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Cellular transplantation using neural stem cells and progenitors is a promising therapeutic strategy that has the potential to replace lost cells, modulate the injury environment, and create a permissive environment for the regeneration of injured host axons. Our research has focused on the use of human glial restricted progenitors (hGRP) and derived astrocytes. In the current study, we examined the morphological and phenotypic properties of hGRP prepared from the fetal central nervous system by clinically-approved protocols, compared with astrocytes derived from hGRP prepared by treatment with ciliary neurotrophic factor or bone morphogenetic protein 4. These differentiation protocols generated astrocytes that showed morphological differences and could be classified along an immature to mature spectrum, respectively. Despite these differences, the cells retained morphological and phenotypic plasticity upon a challenge with an alternate differentiation protocol. Importantly, when hGRP and derived astrocytes were transplanted acutely into a cervical dorsal column lesion, they survived and promoted regeneration of long ascending host sensory axons into the graft/lesion site, with no differences among the groups. Further, hGRP taken directly from frozen stocks behaved similarly and also supported regeneration of host axons into the lesion. Our results underscore the dynamic and permissive properties of human fetal astrocytes to promote axonal regeneration. They also suggest that a time-consuming process of pre-differentiation may not be necessary for therapeutic efficacy, and that the banking of large quantities of readily available hGRP can be an appropriate source of permissive cells for transplantation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Hgrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Hgrpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Human Astrocytes Derived from Glial Restricted Progenitors Support Regeneration of the Injured Spinal Cord

Haas

Fischer

2013

Journal of Neurotrauma

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“…Here, we demonstrated that DACH1, a member of corepressor complexes, repressed FGF2 expression. Campanelli et al found the expression level of DACH1 in glial precursors was much higher than that in neural stem cells (NSCs) (33). Withdrawal of bFGF, which is known as a critical component of culture medium for human embryonic and neural stem cells (34), drives astrocytic differentiation (2,34,35).…”

Section: Dach1-spanning Region Is Indicated As a Target Of Copy Numbementioning

confidence: 99%

Homozygously deleted gene DACH1 regulates tumor-initiating activity of glioma cells

Watanabe

Ogiwara

Ehata³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Loss or reduction in function of tumor suppressor genes contributes to tumorigenesis. Here, by allelic DNA copy number analysis using single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array and mass spectrometry, we report homozygous deletion in glioblastoma multiformes at chromosome 13q21, where DACH1 gene is located. We found decreased cell proliferation of a series of glioma cell lines by forced expression of DACH1. We then generated U87TR-Da glioma cells, where DACH1 expression could be activated by exposure of the cells to doxycycline. Both ex vivo cellular proliferation and in vivo growth of s.c. transplanted tumors in mice are reduced in U87TR-Da cells with DACH1 expression (U87-DACH1-high), compared with DACH1-nonexpressing U87TR-Da cells (U87-DACH1-low). U87-DACH1-low cells form spheroids with CD133 and Nestin expression in serum-free medium but U87-DACH1-high cells do not. Compared with spheroid-forming U87-DACH1-low cells, adherent U87-DACH1-high cells display lower tumorigenicity, indicating DACH1 decreases the number of tumor-initiating cells. Gene expression analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay reveal that fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2/bFGF) is transcriptionally repressed by DACH1, especially in cells cultured in serum-free medium. Exogenous bFGF rescues spheroid-forming activity and tumorigenicity of the U87-DACH1-high cells, suggesting that loss of DACH1 increases the number of tumor-initiating cells through transcriptional activation of bFGF. These results illustrate that DACH1 is a distinctive tumor suppressor, which does not only suppress growth of tumor cells but also regulates bFGF-mediated tumor-initiating activity of glioma cells.neural differentiation | gliomagenesis

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LC‐GRFA: global register file assignment with local consciousness for VLIW DSP processors with non‐uniform register files

Lin

You

et al. 2008

Concurrency and Computation

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SUMMARYEmbedded processors developed within the past few years have employed novel hardware designs to reduce the ever-growing complexity, power dissipation, and die area. Although using a distributed register file architecture is considered to have less read/write ports than using traditional unified register file structures, it presents challenges in compilation techniques to generate efficient codes for such architectures. This paper presents a novel scheme for register allocation that includes global and local components on a VLIW DSP processor with distributed register files whose port access is highly restricted. In the scheme, an optimization phase performed prior to conventional global/local register allocation, named global/local register file assignment (RFA), is used to minimize various register file communication costs. A heuristic algorithm is proposed for global RFA to make suitable decisions based on local RFA. Experiments were performed by incorporating our schemes on a novel VLIW DSP processor with non-uniform register files. The results indicate that the compilation based on our proposed approach delivers significant performance improvements, compared with the solution without using our proposed global register allocation scheme.

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Expression profiling of human glial precursors

Abstract: Background: We have generated gene expression databases for human glial precursors, neuronal precursors, astrocyte precursors and neural stem cells and focused on comparing the profile of glial precursors with that of other populations.

Cited by 33 publications

References 53 publications

Human Astrocytes Derived from Glial Restricted Progenitors Support Regeneration of the Injured Spinal Cord

Human Astrocytes Derived from Glial Restricted Progenitors Support Regeneration of the Injured Spinal Cord

Homozygously deleted gene DACH1 regulates tumor-initiating activity of glioma cells

LC‐GRFA: global register file assignment with local consciousness for VLIW DSP processors with non‐uniform register files

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