Expression patterns of the mouse Spir-2 actin nucleator

Pleiser, Sandra; Rock, Rebecca E.; Wellmann, Jutta; Gessler, Manfred; Kerkhoff, Eugen

doi:10.1016/j.gep.2010.08.001

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Whether Spir-like proteins are involved in dendrite morphogenesis in mammals has not been reported, but it is intriguing that murine orthologs of Spir (Spir1 and Spir2) are expressed primarily in the developing CNS and adult brain (Schumacher et al, 2004;Pleiser et al, 2010). Spir proteins belong to a family of actin nucleators that includes Cordon-bleu (Cobl) and Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrite architecture organized by transcriptional control of the F-actin nucleator Spire

Ferreira

et al. 2014

Development

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The architectures of dendritic trees are crucial for the wiring and function of neuronal circuits because they determine coverage of receptive territories, as well as the nature and strength of sensory or synaptic inputs. Here, we describe a cell-intrinsic pathway sculpting dendritic arborization (da) neurons in Drosophila that requires Longitudinals Lacking (Lola), a BTB/POZ transcription factor, and its control of the F-actin cytoskeleton through Spire (Spir), an actin nucleation protein. Loss of Lola from da neurons reduced the overall length of dendritic arbors, increased the expression of Spir, and produced inappropriate F-actin-rich dendrites at positions too near the cell soma. Selective removal of Lola from only class IV da neurons decreased the evasive responses of larvae to nociception. The increased Spir expression contributed to the abnormal F-actinrich dendrites and the decreased nocifensive responses because both were suppressed by reduced dose of Spir. Thus, an important role of Lola is to limit expression of Spir to appropriate levels within da neurons. We found Spir to be expressed in dendritic arbors and to be important for their development. Removal of Spir from class IV da neurons reduced F-actin levels and total branch number, shifted the position of greatest branch density away from the cell soma, and compromised nocifensive behavior. We conclude that the Lola-Spir pathway is crucial for the spatial arrangement of branches within dendritic trees and for neural circuit function because it provides balanced control of the F-actin cytoskeleton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrite architecture organized by transcriptional control of the F-actin nucleator Spire

Ferreira

et al. 2014

Development

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“…A distinct tissue expression of the SPIRE1 and SPIRE2 genes has been shown before (Schumacher, et al 2004;Pleiser, et al 2010;Pfender, et al 2011). Besides oocytes which express high levels of both SPIRE genes (Pfender, et al 2011), neuronal cells of the nervous system and epithelial cells of the digestive tract are major loci of SPIRE1 and SPIRE2 expression, respectively (Schumacher, et al 2004;Pleiser, et al 2010) (Fig.…”

Section: Mammalian Specification Of Spire Functionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Animal evolution coincides with a novel degree of freedom in exocytic transport processes

Kollmar

Welz

Straub

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Exocytic transport of transmembrane receptors and secreted ligands provides the basis for cellular communication in animals. The RAB8/RAB3/RAB27 trafficking regulators function in transport processes towards the cell membrane. The small G-proteins recruit a diversity of effectors that mediate transport along microtubule and actin tracks, as well as membrane tethering and fusion. SPIRE actin nucleators organise local actin networks at exocytic vesicle membranes. By complex formation with class-5 myosins, vesicle transport track generation and motor protein activation are coordinated. Our phylogenetic analysis traced the onset of SPIRE function back to the origin of the Holozoa. We have identified SPIRE in the closest unicellular relatives of animals, the choanoflagellates, and the more distantly related ichthyosporeans. The discovery of a SPIRE-like protein encoding a KIND and tandem-WH2 domains in the amoebozoan Physarum polycephalum suggests that the SPIRE-type actin nucleation mechanism originated even earlier. Choanoflagellate SPIRE interacts with RAB8, the sole choanoflagellate representative of the metazoan RAB8/RAB3/RAB27 family. Major interactions including MYO5, FMN-subgroup formins and vesicle membranes are conserved between the choanoflagellate and mammalian SPIRE proteins and the choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis SPIRE protein can rescue mouse SPIRE1/2 function in melanosome transport. Genome duplications generated two mammalian SPIRE genes (SPIRE1 and SPIRE2) and allowed for the separation of SPIRE protein function in terms of tissue expression and RAB GTPase binding. SPIRE1 is highest expressed in the nervous system and interacts with RAB27 and RAB8. SPIRE2 shows high expression in the digestive tract and specifically interacts with RAB8. We propose that at the dawn of the animal kingdom a new transport mechanism came into existence, which bridges microtubule tracks, detached vesicles and the cellular actin cytoskeleton by organising actin/myosin forces directly at exocytic vesicle membranes.The new degree of freedom in transport may reflect the increased demands of the sophisticated cellular communications in animals.

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“…Spir-2 was broadly expressed in adult mouse digestive tract, spermatocytes, and in the neuronal cells of the nervous system. [21,22] Still, a close-grained study regarding the exact neuronal function of Spir proteins is yet to be disclosed in mammals. Nevertheless, a recent study in Drosophila [37] claims that overexpression of Spir is adversely affecting the axon growth in vivo similar to case, where Spir is lost.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21] Spir-2 gene possess broader expression pattern and is detected throughout the digestive tract, brain, testis, and kidney with no significant expression in spleen, lung, and liver. [22] Like formins, Spir induce unbranched, linear actin filaments [ Figure 1]. [13,5] Spir proteins form a well-conserved family in animals with single polypeptides having multiple domains starting from the N-terminus to C-terminus: Kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain (KIND), a cluster of four WH2 domains, Spir box (SB) and FYVE domain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spir ramps up the world of actin

Lakshmi¹

2014

Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis

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Expression patterns of the mouse Spir-2 actin nucleator

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Dendrite architecture organized by transcriptional control of the F-actin nucleator Spire

Dendrite architecture organized by transcriptional control of the F-actin nucleator Spire

Animal evolution coincides with a novel degree of freedom in exocytic transport processes

Spir ramps up the world of actin

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