Expression of β-adrenergic receptor subtypes in human normal and dilated ureter

Abstract

The downregulation of β-ARs after ureter dilation, particularly for β1-AR and β3-AR in the muscular layer, suggests a potential compensatory mechanism involving increased contraction of the ureter to push urine through the obstruction. Thus, β-ARs may be a potential target for treatment of ureter obstruction.

Does mirabegron relieve ureteric stent‐related discomfort? A prospective, randomized, multicentre study

“…Moreover, Shen et al. recently reported, based on a human ureter immunochemistry analysis, that all β‐adrenergic receptor subtypes were expressed in the mucosa and muscular layers of the human ureter and that expression was downregulated in cases of ureter dilatation . They demonstrated that the use of highly selective β‐1 and β‐3 agonists acting on ureteric smooth muscle lesions might help reduce the symptoms of ureteric smooth muscle spasm.…”

“…Sigala et al [26] presented gene expression analysis in which a-1d adrenergic receptor mRNA was expressed in all portions of the ureter, especially in the distal ureter [26]; therefore, a-blockers have some degree of selectivity for the detrusor and the distal ureter, and have the potential to promote dilatation of the ureter and decrease pain. Moreover, Shen et al [27] recently reported, based on a human ureter immunochemistry analysis, that all b-adrenergic receptor subtypes were expressed in the mucosa and muscular layers of the human ureter and that expression was downregulated in cases of ureter dilatation [27]. They demonstrated that the use of highly selective b-1 and b-3 agonists acting on ureteric smooth muscle lesions might help reduce the symptoms of ureteric smooth muscle spasm.…”

Everything You Always Wanted to Know about β3-AR * (* But Were Afraid to Ask)

“…β 3 -AR has been localized in kidneys [3] and in the lower urinary tract [81] including ureters [82], urethra [83], prostate [84], and bladder [85] where it appears to be the predominant subtype [86] although this idea was recently challenged in a wide transcriptomics analysis across several human tissues [80].…”

“…β 3 -AR are also present in the lower urinary tract where they undergo pathophysiological changes in expression upon the initiation of lower urinary tract symptoms due to ureteral stenosis [82], chronic kidney disease, end stage renal disease, or certain carcinomas [100]. The β 3 -AR agonist mirabegron for the oral pharmacotherapy of patients affected by overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is currently the most promising agent in over 30 years.…”

Mirabegron Role in Urolithiasis Management: What you should Know

“…Their results showed that β3-AR expression were decreased by 53.62% (p < 0.01) in the muscular layer of the lower segment of the dilated ureter, suggesting a possible physiological compensatory mechanism which results in an increased contraction of the ureter to propel urine through the obstructed lumen. 8 Hence, the potential role for mirabegron as a medical expulsive therapy arised. 9…”