Expression of warm temperature acclimation‐related protein 65‐kDa (Wap65) mRNA, and physiological changes with increasing water temperature in black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli

Abstract

We isolated the warm temperature acclimation-related protein 65-kDa (Wap65) cDNA from the liver of black porgy and investigated the expression by increasing water temperature in black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Black porgy Wap65 full-length cDNA consists of 1,338 nucleotides, including an open reading frame, predicted to encode a protein of 425 amino acids and showed high homology to pufferfish (79%), Medaka (73%), carp (70%), and goldfish (68%) Wap65. Increase in water temperature (20 degrees C --> 30 degrees C; 1 degrees C/day) induced the rise of Wap65 mRNA expression in liver of black porgy. Also, the levels of cortisol and glucose in plasma were significantly higher at 30 degrees C than at 20 degrees C. To determine the high water temperature stressor specificity of the induction of Wap65, black porgy were transferred from seawater (SW) to freshwater (FW) for 24 hr. Wap65 expression was not detected when the fish were transferred from SW to FW (in fish transferred from SW to FW), although the levels of cortisol and glucose in plasma were increased. These results suggest that increase in Wap65 gene is related to high water temperature stress and play important roles in high water temperature environment of black porgy.

Modulation of warm-temperature-acclimation-associated 65-kDa protein genes (Wap65-1 and Wap65-2) in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis, Cypriniformes) liver in response to different stimulatory treatments

“…For example, the expression pattern in our study (i.e., the exclusive response of mlWap65-1 to thermal increase) contrasts with that observed in the channel catfish, in which only the transcription of Wap65-2 is activated by thermal increase, whereas Wap65-1 is constitutively expressed [6]. However, our results are similar to previous observations of Wap65-1 upregulation by warm temperatures in the goldfish, carp, and black porgy [1,25,28]. This suggests that functional partitioning between the two Wap65 isoforms in the fish's physiological acclimation to warm temperatures may differ between species.…”

Identification of a warm‐temperature acclimation‐associated 65‐kDa protein encoded by a temperature‐ and infection‐responsive gene in the Kumgang fat minnow Rhynchocypris kumgangensis

“…In addition, cysteine and aromatic residues play important roles in maintaining structural integrity and forming the heme‐binding pocket, respectively. Although the role of these domains is unclear in fish Wap65, including kmWap65‐1, it is anticipated that Wap65 has functions similar to those of mammalian hemopexin (Satoh et al, ; Paoli et al, ; Choi et al, ; Sha et al, ).…”

“…Since the initial identification of Wap65 as an elevated‐water‐temperature—associated protein in goldfish (Kikuchi et al, ), a number of Wap65 genes that are up‐regulated by elevated water temperature have been isolated from various teleosts (Choi et al, , Kinoshita et al, ). Although the association of Wap65‐2 with temperature is controversial (Cho et al, ), Wap65‐1 expression is fully responsive to temperature (Hirayama et al, ; Pierre et al, ).…”

Analysis of Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Genes at Early Gonadogenesis of Pejerrey <i>Odontesthes bonariensis</i> Using a Heterologous Microarray

“…The sequence of wap65 is similar to the mammalian hemopexin gene, and although its functions are unknown, wap65 was found to be expressed in various tissues of several teleost species when the fish were exposed to high temperatures [Kikuchi et al, 1995;Kinoshita and Ozato, 1995;Choi et al, 2008;Clark and Burns, 2008]. It is important to note that although wap65 mRNA levels have been shown to increase with temperature in several teleosts, this increase does not occur in a cortisol-dependent manner, for example, when fish are subjected to other stressors such as changes in salinity [Choi et al, 2008]. Thus, despite the high levels of cortisol in pejerrey larvae during sex determination and gonadal differentiation [Hattori et al, 2009], wap65 transcript levels are probably not affected by cortisol, but by temperature.…”