Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors in Benign Vascular Lesions of the Orbit

Atchison, Elizabeth A.; Garrity, James A.; Castillo, Francisco Muñoz del; Engman, Steven J.; Couch, Steven M.; Salomão, Diva R.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.09.009

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Among other molecules, the role of transforming growth factor beta and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the formation, growth, and rupture of lesions has been established 14 . Absent a genetic syndrome, the same factors have been shown to be critical in the growth of LVM, 15 including VEGF-C/VEGF-r3 pathways, 16 and in AVM, which express elevated levels of VEGF 17,18 . Interestingly, arterial lesions of the orbit can co-occur with LVM, 19 perhaps due to the close embryologic relationship of developing arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Absent a genetic syndrome, the same factors have been shown to be critical in the growth of LVM, 15 including VEGF-C/ VEGF-r3 pathways, 16 and in AVM, which express elevated levels of VEGF. 17,18 Interestingly, arterial lesions of the orbit can co-occur with LVM, 19 perhaps due to the close embryologic relationship of developing arteries, veins, and lymphatic vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Arterial Vascular Anomalies in the Periorbital, Paranasal, and Intracranial Spaces Treated With Systemic Bevacizumab

Karlin

Ahankoob

Rootman

2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Arteriovenous malformations of the orbit are rare congenital hamartomas defined by a direct connection between the arterial and venous systems without an intervening capillary bed. Treatment can be challenging, as these lesions are anatomically complex, often involve multiple locations, and have a tendency to recur. A multidisciplinary approach is typically required, involving endovascular and surgical teams. The authors present a case of a 33year-old man with a complex, recurrent orbital arteriovenous malformations in the context of wider head and neck vascular anomaly syndrome involving the paranasal sinuses, deep facial tissues, and intracranial spaces. The complex and evolving clinical manifestations of this disease are presented with emphasis on the interdependence of the anomalies and biologic management strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Arterial Vascular Anomalies in the Periorbital, Paranasal, and Intracranial Spaces Treated With Systemic Bevacizumab

Karlin

Ahankoob

Rootman

2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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“…Although the term is generally falling out of favor by ISSVA proponents and is rapidly being replaced by the term cavernous VM (CVM), opinion is still divided in the oculoplastic literature. Most authors currently use the term orbital CVM, but the term cavernous hemangioma is still used by some authors, 15 while being totally discarded by others 16 who paradoxically use the generic term VM instead of the more specific term (CVM) to describe these lesions. 16 This latter preference may be misleading as it makes no distinction between orbital CVMs and distensible VMs (the so-called orbital varices or common VMs in ISSVA 2018) and is probably based on a misinterpretation of the ISSVA classification which never listed orbital CVM in any of its iterations.…”

Section: Definitions and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Of note is that it is not just older terminology that should be used with caution, but relatively newer terms popularized by ISSVA like "capillary malformation" (CM) and "venous malformation" (VM) should also be applied carefully to avoid further confusion. 14 In the case of VMs, the persistent and controversial use of the obsolete term "cavernous hemangioma" in the orbital 15 while being totally discarded by others 16 who paradoxically use the generic term VM instead of the more specific term (CVM) to describe these lesions. 16 This latter preference may be misleading as it makes no distinction between orbital CVMs and distensible VMs (the so-called orbital varices or common VMs in ISSVA 2018) and is probably based on a misinterpretation of the ISSVA classification which never listed orbital CVM in any of its iterations.…”

Section: Definitions and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 In the case of VMs, the persistent and controversial use of the obsolete term "cavernous hemangioma" in the orbital 15 while being totally discarded by others 16 who paradoxically use the generic term VM instead of the more specific term (CVM) to describe these lesions. 16 This latter preference may be misleading as it makes no distinction between orbital CVMs and distensible VMs (the so-called orbital varices or common VMs in ISSVA 2018) and is probably based on a misinterpretation of the ISSVA classification which never listed orbital CVM in any of its iterations. Nevertheless, the term "cavernous" is still used by ISSVA (2018) in relation to cerebral CVM.…”

Section: Definitions and Nomenclaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Orbital Vascular Anomalies: A Nomenclatorial, Etiological, and Nosologic Conundrum

Tawfik

Dutton

2021

Ophthalmic Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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Purpose: Vascular anomalies are a heterogeneous group of disorders that frequently present in the periorbital region. They encompass 2 broad entities: vascular tumors, which possess a proliferative endothelium, and vascular malformations, which are basically localized defects of vascular morphogenesis. The primary goal of this review was to address inaccurate or controversial terminology in the oculoplastic literature concerning orbital and periorbital vascular anomalies and to categorize these lesions in an abridged and simplified hierarchical list that adheres as much as possible to the most recent (2018) iteration for the classification of vascular lesions proposed by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA). The secondary goal of this review was to review and update information regarding the genetic underpinnings of vascular anomalies and the downstream signaling pathways that are subsequently affected as a result of these genetic errors. Methods: A literature review was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, PubMed Central, National Center for Biotechnology Information Bookshelf, and Embase for several related keywords including “vascular anomalies, vascular malformations, vascular tumors, and cavernous venous malformation,” both with and without adding the keywords “eyelid,” “orbital,” and “periorbital.” In addition, a detailed search was conducted for controversial or obsolete keywords like “cavernous hemangioma,” “lymphangioma,” and “varices,” again in their systemic and orbital/periorbital context. Results: Crucial issues in the 2018 ISSVA classification regarding the proper categorization of orbital vascular anomalies, particularly venous lesions, were critically evaluated and revised, and a regional, simplified, and abridged modification of the ISSVA 2018 classification was proposed. Conclusions: Interdisciplinary and intradisciplinary dialogue concerning orbital vascular anomalies is seriously compromised due to the lack of a unanimous agreement on terminology and the absence of a unified classification concept system. The authors recommend that oculoplastic surgeons adopt ISSVA terminology whenever technically possible and scientifically sound. However, they also propose modifying the ISSVA 2018 classification specifically to adapt to the peculiarities of vascular anomalies in the periorbital region. At present, the simplified classification proposed here is a preliminary first step towards managing patients with orbital vascular anomalies with greater diagnostic and therapeutic precision, until such time in the future when the entire genetic makeup of orbital vascular anomalies is more completely elucidated. Optimistically, this could pave the way for a more robust classification and the ultimate therapeutic cure.

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Orbital Vascular Anomalies

Carniciu¹,

Kahana²

2020

Smith and Nesi’s Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

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Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors in Benign Vascular Lesions of the Orbit

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Multiple Arterial Vascular Anomalies in the Periorbital, Paranasal, and Intracranial Spaces Treated With Systemic Bevacizumab

Multiple Arterial Vascular Anomalies in the Periorbital, Paranasal, and Intracranial Spaces Treated With Systemic Bevacizumab

Orbital Vascular Anomalies: A Nomenclatorial, Etiological, and Nosologic Conundrum

Orbital Vascular Anomalies

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