Expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 in dermatomyositis and polymyositis

Kim, Geun-Tae; Cho, Mi‐La; Park, Young-Eun; Yoo, Wan Hee; Kim, Jung-Hee; Oh, Hye-Jwa; Kim, Dae-Sung; Baek, Seung Eun; Lee, Sunhee; Lee, Junhee; Kim, Ho-Youn; Kim, Sung-Il

doi:10.1007/s10067-009-1316-7

Cited by 63 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Increased IL-17 levels have been shown in serum, PBMCs and muscle cell-infiltrating T-cells of patients with DM (2,8,9). However, we failed to show an increase in IL-17…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Elevated IL-4 and IFN-γ Levels in Muscle Tissue of Patients with Dermatomyositis

Giriş

Durmuş

Yetimler

et al. 2017

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“…Increased IL-17 levels have been shown in serum, PBMCs and muscle cell-infiltrating T-cells of patients with DM (2,8,9). However, we failed to show an increase in IL-17…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Elevated IL-4 and IFN-γ Levels in Muscle Tissue of Patients with Dermatomyositis

Giriş

Durmuş

Yetimler

et al. 2017

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“…TLR signaling promotes the antigen-presenting capacity (APC) to CD4+ T cells via increasing of HLA-DR [55]. CD4+T cells are divided into Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells as charcterized by the secretion of cytokines IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-17 [56][57][58]. Activation of TLR2 might induce Th2 immune response, TLR4 induces Th1 and Th17 immune response, and TLR9 induces Th1 immune response [59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66].…”

Section: Correlation Between Tlr4 and Il-17 In Dnmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Inhibitory Effect of Rapamycin on Toll Like Receptor 4 and Interleukin 17 in the Early Stage of Rat Diabetic Nephropathy

Hong

Villani

et al. 2016

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Background/Aims: There is increasing evidence showing that innate immune responses and inflammatory processes play an important role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The potential effect of innate immunity in the early stage of DN is still unclear. Toll-Like-Receptor 4 (TLR4) is vigorously involved in the progress of kidney diseases in a sterile environment. The activation of the interleukin 17 (IL-17) pathway produces inflammatory cytokines, appearing in various kidney diseases. Unfortunately the relationship between TLR4 and IL-17 has not been investigated in diabetic nephropathy to date. The aim of this study is to investigate whether mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition may be dependent on TLR4 signaling and the pro-inflammatory factor IL-17 to delay the progression of DN. Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups: a diabetic nephropathy group (DN, n = 6); and a diabetic nephropathy treated with rapamycin group (Rapa, n = 6) and a control group (Control, n =6). Body weight, fasting blood sugar, and 24h urine albumin were assessed at week 2, week 4 and week 8. Renal tissues were harvested for H&E, PAS staining, as well as an immunohistochemistry assay for TLR4 and IL-17. TLR4 quantitative expression was measured by Western-Blot analysis and RT-PCR. Results: Our results demonstrated that the expression of both TLR4 and IL-17 were upregulated in early stage DN and reduced by rapamycin. TLR4 and IL-17 both increased and positively related to 24h urinary albumin and kidney/weight ratio. However, neither TLR4 nor IL-17 made a significant difference on fasting blood sugar. Conclusions: Taken together, our results confirm and extend previous studies identifying the significance of the TLR4 and Th17 pathways in development of early stage DN. Furthermore, we suggest this overexpression of TLR4 might be involved in the immunopathogenesis of DN through activation of Th17 cells. Rapamycin may attenuate DN via reduction of the TLR4 signaling pathway and Th17 cells signaling. Although the underlying mechanisms need to be explored, the observed increase of TLR4 and IL-17 during the early stages of DN and their suppression with rapamycin treatment suggest the importance of TLR4 and IL-17 in DN pathophysiology.

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“…Kim et al investigated the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 in DM patient muscle and correlated TLR expression with the expression of cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and TNF-α. They found that the expression levels of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 were significantly high in patients with DM compared with those in the controls, and the expression levels of TLR4 and TLR9 had significant positive correlations with the expressions of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, and TNF-α [43]. Similarly, Brunn et al showed that TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 mRNA transcripts and protein expression were increased in muscle tissue of DM patients [44].…”

Section: Tlrmentioning

confidence: 89%

Immunological Biomarkers in Dermatomyositis

2015

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Dermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic acquired disorder that affects primarily the muscle and skin. The pathogenesis of DM, as well as methods for monitoring disease activity and predicting response to therapy, are subjects of active research. Studies looking to unveil the pathogenesis of DM have revealed key molecules that are potential biomarkers of disease activity. This article reviews briefly the recently discovered molecules that are candidate immunological biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring disease activity in DM.

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Expression of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 in dermatomyositis and polymyositis

Cited by 63 publications

References 29 publications

Elevated IL-4 and IFN-γ Levels in Muscle Tissue of Patients with Dermatomyositis

Elevated IL-4 and IFN-γ Levels in Muscle Tissue of Patients with Dermatomyositis

The Inhibitory Effect of Rapamycin on Toll Like Receptor 4 and Interleukin 17 in the Early Stage of Rat Diabetic Nephropathy

Immunological Biomarkers in Dermatomyositis

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