Expression of theSox11 gene in mouse embryos suggests roles in neuronal maturation and epithelio-mesenchymal induction

Hargrave, Murray; Wright, Edwina M.; Kun, Jutta; Emery, Jacqueline; Cooper, Leanne; Koopman, Peter

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199710)210:2<79::aid-aja1>3.0.co;2-6

Cited by 122 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Expression of the Sox11 transcription factor is prominent in developing sensory neurons of the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia (Hargrave et al, 1997, Jankowski et al, 2004. At late embryonic and postnatal times this expression is significantly decreased.…”

Section: Sox11 Expression Is Increased In Cultured Adult Drg Sensory mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the peripheral nervous system, the Sox11 transcription factor has been of interest because of its high level of expression in developing trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) (Uwanogho et al, 1995, Hargrave et al, 1997 and potential role in the development of gliomas (Weigle et al, 2005). In sensory neurons the high level of embryonic Sox11 expression is markedly reduced at birth (Hargrave et al, 1997, Tanabe et al, 2003, Jankowski et al, 2004, suggesting tight control of its transcriptional activity during postnatal neuron maturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sensory neurons the high level of embryonic Sox11 expression is markedly reduced at birth (Hargrave et al, 1997, Tanabe et al, 2003, Jankowski et al, 2004, suggesting tight control of its transcriptional activity during postnatal neuron maturation. Towards identification of the targets and mechanism of Sox11 action, mice that lack a functional Sox11 gene were recently isolated (Sock et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

et al. 2006

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The transcription factor Sox11 is expressed at high levels in developing sensory neurons and injured adult neurons but little is known about its transcriptional targets and function. In this study we examined the role of Sox11 using Neuro2a neuroblastoma cells and cultured mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Results show Sox11 has an essential role in regulation of neuron survival and neurite outgrowth in Neuro2a cells and primary sensory neurons. Neuro2a cells increase expression of Sox11 as they differentiate in culture. Following addition of 20μM retinoic acid (RA), a stimulus for differentiation that enhances neurite growth and differentiation, Sox11 level rises. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Sox11 in RA-differentiated Neuro2a cells caused a decrease in neurite growth and an increase in the percent of apoptotic cells. RNA expression analysis showed that Sox11 knockdown modulated the level of mRNAs encoding several genes related to cell survival and death. Further validation in the Neuro2a model showed Sox11 knockdown increased expression of the proapoptotic gene BNIP3 (Bcl2 interacting protein 1 NIP3) decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene TANK (TRAF family member-associated NFκB activator). Cultured primary DRG neurons also express Sox11 and treatment with Sox11 siRNA caused a significant decrease in neurite growth and branching and a decrease in mRNA encoding actin-related protein complex 3 (Arpc3), an actin organizing protein that may be involved in axon growth. The percent of apoptotic neurons also increased in cultures of DRG neurons treated with Sox11 siRNA. Similar to Neuro2a cells, a decrease in TANK gene expression occurred, suggesting at least some overlap in Sox11 transcriptional targets in Neuro2a and DRG neurons. These data are consistent with a central role for Sox11 in regulating events that promote neurite growth and neuron survival.

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Section: Sox11 Expression Is Increased In Cultured Adult Drg Sensory mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

et al. 2006

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“…[9][10][11] Evidence suggests that SOX11 is critical for embryonic neurogenesis and tissue remodeling. 8,11,12 However, the data on the roles of SOX genes in hematopoiesis are very limited. To date, SOX4 is the only gene in the family that has been found to have an important role in the early B-and T-cell development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear expression of sox11 is highly associated with mantle cell lymphoma but is independent of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in non-mantle cell B-cell neoplasms

et al. 2010

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Sox11 is a transcription factor involved in embryonic neurogenesis and tissue remodeling. Its role in lymphopoiesis is presently unknown. Recent studies have shown the nuclear expression of sox11 in mantle cell lymphoma, which raises the question about its possible association with t(11;14)(q13;q32), the genetic hallmark of mantle cell lymphoma leading to the overexpression of cyclin D1. In this study, we examined sox11 expression in 211 cases of B-cell neoplasms by immunohistochemistry, and evaluated its association with t(11;14) and overexpression of cyclin D1. Nuclear staining of sox11 was observed in 54 of 57 (95%) mantle cell lymphomas, including 52 of 53 (98%) classical and 2 of 4 variant types. Two of the three mantle cell lymphomas negative for nuclear sox11 staining were analyzed and were positive for t(11;14). All other B-cell lymphomas (114 cases) showed variable positive staining in the cytoplasm, but no nuclear positivity. Sox11 was then examined in plasma cell myeloma and hairy cell leukemia as a subset of plasma cell myeloma carry t(11;14) and overexpress cyclin D1, and cyclin D1 is overexpressed in a subset of hairy cell leukemia independent of t(11;14). We found no nuclear staining of sox11 in 30 plasma cell myelomas examined, including 12 cases with t(11;14)(q13;q32). It is interesting that intense nuclear staining of sox11 was present in a subset of hairy cell leukemias (5 of 10), and was associated with the overexpression of cyclin D1. Our results indicate that the nuclear expression of sox11 is highly associated with mantle cell lymphoma, but is independent of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in non-mantle cell B-cell neoplasms. Its association with the overexpression of cyclin D1 in hairy cell leukemia suggests that sox11 may be involved in the upregulation of cyclin D1 in this leukemia.

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“…Sox4 and Sox11, which make up group C together with Sox12, are also strongly expressed in the developing CNS (Uwanogho et al, 1995;Hargrave et al, 1997;Kuhlbrodt et al, 1998). Despite minor differences in regional expression levels, there is a significant overlap in the spatiotemporal expression patterns of Sox4 and Sox11 (Cheung et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolonged Glial Expression of Sox4 in the CNS Leads to Architectural Cerebellar Defects and Ataxia

Hoser

Baader²,

Bösl

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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Sox proteins of group C are strongly expressed in the developing nervous system and have been associated with maturation of neurons and glia. Here, we overexpressed the group C protein Sox4 in transgenic mice under the control of the human GFAP promoter. Transgene expression was detected in radial glia and astrocytes throughout the CNS. The transgenic mice were ataxic and exhibited hydrocephaly as well as cerebellar malformations. In the cerebellum, fissures were not formed and neuronal layering was dramatically disturbed. Nevertheless, all neuronal cell types of the cerebellum were present as well as cells with characteristics of early radial glia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. However, radial glia failed to migrate into the position normally taken by Bergmann glia and did not extend radial fibers toward the pial surface. The cerebellar malformations can therefore be explained by the absence of functional Bergmann glia. We conclude that Sox4 expression counteracts differentiation of radial glia and has to be downregulated before full maturation can occur.

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Expression of theSox11 gene in mouse embryos suggests roles in neuronal maturation and epithelio-mesenchymal induction

Cited by 122 publications

References 37 publications

SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

SRY-box containing gene 11 (Sox11) transcription factor is required for neuron survival and neurite growth

Nuclear expression of sox11 is highly associated with mantle cell lymphoma but is independent of t(11;14)(q13;q32) in non-mantle cell B-cell neoplasms

Prolonged Glial Expression of Sox4 in the CNS Leads to Architectural Cerebellar Defects and Ataxia

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