Expression of the synthetic phytochelatin gene in tobacco

Postrigan, B. N.; Knyazev, A. B.; Kuluev, B. R.; Yakhin, O. I.; Чемерис, А. В.

doi:10.1134/s1021443712020136

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…tabacum increased PC production and Cd tolerance (Pomponi et al ., 2006). Transgenic tobacco plants expressing a synthetic pseudophytochelatin gene coding for a PC analog (Met(GluCys) 6 Gly) have a higher resistance to varying levels of cadmium (Postrigan et al ., 2012). The overexpression of garlic arsenic‐phytochelatin synthase 1 and baking yeast cadmium factor 1 in A .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome combined with biochemical and physiological analyses provide new insights toward cadmium accumulation with two contrasting Nicotiana species

Zhang

Chao

et al. 2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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Cadmium (Cd) is known as one of the most hazardous elements in the environment and a persistent soil constraint toxic to all flora and fauna. In this study, we conducted physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses of Nicotiana rustica (N. rustica) and Nicotiana tabacum (N. tabacum) treated with CdCl2 to know the underlying molecular mechanisms of Cd accumulation. As a result, N. rustica had more dry weight than N. tabacum. Additionally, N. rustica accumulated higher Cd concentration (69.65 times), Cd2+ influx (1.32‐fold), glutathione S‐transferases (GST) enzyme activity (2.54 times), GSH/GSSG (oxidized form of GSH) ratio, increase of superoxide dismutase and CAT and a lower H2O2 and superoxide (O2•−) accumulation in their roots than N. tabacum. Cd mainly distributed in the cytoplasm of both species and N. rustica had a significant proportion in the cell wall. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis revealed 173 and 710 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and Cd‐stressed plants in the leaves and roots of N. rustica, while 576 and 1543 DEGs were found in the leaves and roots of N. tabacum, respectively. In N. rustica, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism were the most enriched pathways, while GSH metabolism, ATP‐binding cassette transporters and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were the most enriched in N. tabacum. Finally, we found that DEGs related to metal influx, sequestration, remobilization, and chelation were responsible for Cd accumulation. These results indicated that N. rustica accumulated higher Cd content than N. tabacum, suggesting that each species utilized different response mechanism under the same Cd stress conditions. The DEGs identified in this study might lead to the identification of genes or pathways related to Cd regulation. This study identifies important regulators related to Cd accumulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptome combined with biochemical and physiological analyses provide new insights toward cadmium accumulation with two contrasting Nicotiana species

Zhang

Chao

et al. 2021

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Real or synthetic expression of these genes in PC-deficient and transgenic plants or hyperaccumulators offer a very promising future for the possibility of increasing plants resistance against HMs and also phytoremediation strategies. In transgenic tobacco plants, artificial synthesis of phytochelatin gene enhanced their resistance to varying levels of cadmium [ 176 ]. Shukla et al [ 154 ] showed transgenic Arabidopsis plants were much better HM accumulators than wild type Arabidopsis as a result of expressing synthetic phytochelatins (ECs).…”

Section: Some Defense Mechanisms Employed By Plants Against Hm Strmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Stress and Some Mechanisms of Plant Defense Response

Emamverdian

Ding

Mokhberdoran

et al. 2015

The Scientific World Journal

782

289

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Unprecedented bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment have become a dilemma for all living organisms including plants. HMs at toxic levels have the capability to interact with several vital cellular biomolecules such as nuclear proteins and DNA, leading to excessive augmentation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This would inflict serious morphological, metabolic, and physiological anomalies in plants ranging from chlorosis of shoot to lipid peroxidation and protein degradation. In response, plants are equipped with a repertoire of mechanisms to counteract heavy metal (HM) toxicity. The key elements of these are chelating metals by forming phytochelatins (PCs) or metallothioneins (MTs) metal complex at the intra- and intercellular level, which is followed by the removal of HM ions from sensitive sites or vacuolar sequestration of ligand-metal complex. Nonenzymatically synthesized compounds such as proline (Pro) are able to strengthen metal-detoxification capacity of intracellular antioxidant enzymes. Another important additive component of plant defense system is symbiotic association with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. AM can effectively immobilize HMs and reduce their uptake by host plants via binding metal ions to hyphal cell wall and excreting several extracellular biomolecules. Additionally, AM fungi can enhance activities of antioxidant defense machinery of plants.

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“…In addition, expression of phytochelatin genes has been shown to cause enhanced resistance to various heavy metals in transgenic Arabidopsis and tobacco plants. 103,104 The metallothioneins (MTs) represent another important family of small, low molecular weight, cysteine rich polypeptides, involved in the detoxification of wide range of metal ions like Cu, Zn, Cd, and As in diverse forms of life, including prokaryotes, invertebrates, fungi, mammals and plants. 105,106 However, MTs in plant differ considerably from those found in mammals and fungi.…”

Section: B=w In Print; Colour Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative and genotoxic damages in plants in response to heavy metal stress and maintenance of genome stability

Dutta

Mitra

Agarwal

et al. 2018

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Plants, being sessile in nature, are constantly exposed to various environmental stresses, such as solar UV radiations, soil salinity, drought and desiccation, rehydration, low and high temperatures and other vast array of air and soil borne chemicals, industrial waste products, metals and metalloids. These agents, either directly or indirectly via the induction of oxidative stress and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), frequently perturb the chemical or physical structures of DNA and induce both cytotoxic or genotoxic stresses. Such condition, in turn, leads to genome instability and thus eventually severely affecting plant health and crop yield. With the growing industrialization process and non-judicious use of chemical fertilizers, the heavy metal mediated chemical toxicity has become one of the major environmental threats for the plants around the globe. The heavy metal ions cause damage to the structural, enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of plant cell, often resulting in loss of cell viability, thus negatively impacting plant growth and development. Plants have also evolved with an extensive and highly efficient mechanism to respond and adapt under such heavy metal toxicity mediated stress conditions. In addition to morpho-anatomical, hormonal and biochemical responses, at the molecular level, plants respond to heavy metal stress induced oxidative and genotoxic damage via the rapid change in the expression of the responsive genes at the transcriptional level. Various families of transcription factors play crucial role in triggering such responses. Apart from transcriptional response, epigenetic modifications have also been found to be essential for maintenance of plant genome stability under genotoxic stress. This review represents a comprehensive survey of recent advances in our understanding of plant responses to heavy metal mediated toxicity in general with particular emphasis on the transcriptional and epigenetic responses and highlights the importance of understanding the potential targets in the associated pathways for improved stress tolerance in crops.

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Expression of the synthetic phytochelatin gene in tobacco

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Comparative transcriptome combined with biochemical and physiological analyses provide new insights toward cadmium accumulation with two contrasting Nicotiana species

Comparative transcriptome combined with biochemical and physiological analyses provide new insights toward cadmium accumulation with two contrasting Nicotiana species

Heavy Metal Stress and Some Mechanisms of Plant Defense Response

Oxidative and genotoxic damages in plants in response to heavy metal stress and maintenance of genome stability

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