Expression of the SNF1 gene from Candida tropicalis is required for growth on various carbon sources, including glucose

Kanai, Tamotsu; Ogawa, Kouji; Ueda, Mitsuyoshi; Tanaka, Atsuo

doi:10.1007/s002030050768

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In contrast with the situation in other yeasts, SNF1 is an essential gene in C. albicans or C. tropicalis , but not in Candida glabrata [256–258].…”

Section: Catabolite Repressioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism in non-conventional yeasts: Figure 1

et al. 2000

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Sugars are excellent carbon sources for all yeasts. Since a vast amount of information is available on the components of the pathways of sugar utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae it has been tacitly assumed that other yeasts use sugars in the same way. However, although the pathways of sugar utilization follow the same theme in all yeasts, important biochemical and genetic variations on it exist. Basically, in most non-conventional yeasts, in contrast to S. cerevisiae, respiration in the presence of oxygen is prominent for the use of sugars. This review provides comparative information on the different steps of the fundamental pathways of sugar utilization in non-conventional yeasts: glycolysis, fermentation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway and respiration. We consider also gluconeogenesis and, briefly, catabolite repression. We have centered our attention in the genera Kluyveromyces, Candida, Pichia, Yarrowia and Schizosaccharomyces, although occasional reference to other genera is made. The review shows that basic knowledge is missing on many components of these pathways and also that studies on regulation of critical steps are scarce. Information on these points would be important to generate genetically engineered yeast strains for certain industrial uses.

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“…In contrast with the situation in other yeasts, SNF1 is an essential gene in C. albicans or C. tropicalis , but not in Candida glabrata [256–258].…”

Section: Catabolite Repressioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism in non-conventional yeasts: Figure 1

et al. 2000

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“…However, despite the reduction in MOX and DAS expression, deletion of HpSNF1 did not lead to any obvious external phenotype, in contrast to what has been observed in C. albicans (Petter et al, 1997) and C. tropicalis (Kanai et al, 1999), species which are phylogenetically close to H. polymorpha. Another interesting observation was that the snf1 growth rate on methanol-containing media was indistinguishable from wild-type cells, indicating that the reduction in MOX expression was not sufficient to create a bottleneck in peroxisomal methanol metabolism.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

The transcription factor Snf1p is involved in a Tup1p-independent manner in the glucose regulation of the major methanol metabolism genes of Hansenula polymorpha

et al. 2003

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Hansenula polymorpha is a methylotrophic yeast widely employed in biotechnology as a "protein factory". Most promoters used for heterologous protein expression, like MOX (methanol oxidase) and DAS (di-hydroxy acetone synthase), are involved in the peroxisomal methanol metabolism (C 1 metabolism) and are under strong glucose repression. Interestingly, the MOX promoter is subjected to glucose regulation also in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a non-methylotrophic yeast in which this phenomenon is well studied. In this species, the transcription factor Tup1p plays an essential role in glucose repression of several genes. This effect is counteracted by the activator Snf1p when glucose is exhausted from medium. Therefore, to test whether this regulatory circuit has been conserved in H. polymorpha, HpTUP1 and HpSNF1 were partially cloned and disrupted. Deletion of HpTUP1 did not affect glucose repression of the major C 1 metabolism genes (MOX, DAS). Thus, though conserved, HpTUP1 does not seem to take part in a general glucose repression in H. polymorpha. In contrast, the deletion of HpSNF1 led to significant decreases in the activation of these genes in the absence of glucose. Therefore, the effect of HpSNF1 in transcriptional activation may be through an HpTUP1-independent circuit.

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“…In addition, the C. albicans Snf1 composition is less complex when compared with the Snf1 complex of S. cerevisiae where six associated proteins could be identified. 4 Therefore, the investigation of the C. albicans Snf1 kinase complex is of particular interest for Relative protein quantification using iTRAQ TM amd nano-LC MS/MS analysis. Counts represent the number of MS/MS experiments used to quantify the ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Source-dependent Assembly of the Snf1p Kinase Complex inCandidaalbicans

Corvey

Koetter²,

Beckhaus

et al. 2005

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The Snf1p/AMP-activated kinases are involved in transcriptional, metabolic, and developmental regulation in response to stress. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Snf1p (Cat1p) is one of the key regulators of carbohydrate metabolism, and cat1 (snf1) mutants fail to grow with non-fermentable carbon sources. In Candida albicans, Snf1p is an essential protein and cells depend on a functional Snf1 kinase even with glucose as carbon source. We investigated the CaSnf1p complex after tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis and show that the complex composition changes with the carbon source provided. Three subunits were identified, one of which was named CaSnf4p because of its homology to the ScSnf4 protein and the respective CaSNF4 gene could complement a S. cerevisiae snf4 mutant. The other two proteins revealed similarities to the S. cerevisiae kinase ␤ subunits ScGal83p, ScSip2p, and ScSip1p. Both genes complemented the scaffold function in a S. cerevisiae gal83,sip1,sip2 triple deletion mutant and were named according to their scaffold function as CaKIS1p and CaKIS2p. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization peptide mass fingerprint analysis indicated that CaKis2p is N-terminal myristoylated and the incorporation of CaKis2p in the Snf1p complex was reduced when compared with cells grown with glucose as a carbon source. To verify the different complex assemblies, a stable isotope labeling technique (iTraq TM ) was employed, confirming a 3-fold decrease of CaKis2p with ethanol. Yeast two-hybrid analysis confirmed the interaction partners, and these results showed an activator domain for the CaKis2 protein that has not been reported for S. cerevisiae scaffold subunits.Candida albicans is a widely distributed commensal fungus that is carried as a part of the human microbial flora. However, it is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause serious infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals (1). In C. albicans, Snf1p (CaSnf1p, NCBI accession number 46437276) seems to be essential for growth; moreover, CaSnf1p has the ability to complement the snf1 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2, 3). In Candida tropicalis, a close relationship of CtSnf1p (86% identity to CaSnf1p) mRNA levels and cell growth was demonstrated (4) that may relate CtSnf1p to more fundamental cellular processes, but to date no direct interaction partners of the essential CaSnf1p have been identified.In the model yeast S. cerevisiae, the ScSnf1p kinase is a homologue to the highly conserved AMP-activated serine/threonine kinases that are found in plants, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, mammals, and fungi (for review see Ref. 5)). These kinases seem to be essential components of cascades that function as metabolic sensors in eukaryotic cells and are activated under conditions of nutrient stress. Additionally, they were reported to be involved in pathogenesis and the treatment of several human diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and cancer (6).The importance of ScSNF1 (ScCAT1) was first ident...

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Expression of the SNF1 gene from Candida tropicalis is required for growth on various carbon sources, including glucose

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism in non-conventional yeasts: Figure 1

Carbohydrate and energy-yielding metabolism in non-conventional yeasts: Figure 1

The transcription factor Snf1p is involved in a Tup1p-independent manner in the glucose regulation of the major methanol metabolism genes of Hansenula polymorpha

Carbon Source-dependent Assembly of the Snf1p Kinase Complex inCandidaalbicans

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