Expression of the novel galanin receptor subtype GALR2 in the adult rat CNS: Distinct distribution from GALR1

O’Donnell, Dajan; Ahmad, Sultan; Wahlestedt, Claes; Walker, Philippe

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990705)409:3<469::aid-cne10>3.0.co;2-q

Cited by 295 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several differences were evident in the distribution pattern of GALR1 mRNA between the mouse and that previously reported in the rat (Burgevin et al, 1995;Gustafson et al, 1996;Mitchell et al, 1997;O'Donnell et al, 1999;Parker et al, 1995;Waters and Krause, 2000). In the telencephalon, we found many GALR1 mRNA-positive cells throughout the rostral to caudal extent of the caudate putamen.…”

Section: Distribution Of Galr1 In the Forebrain Of The Mousecontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…In contrast, virtually no expression of GALR1 has been reported in the caudate of the rat. Also, in the rat a robust expression of GALR1 mRNA has been reported in the piriform cortex (O'Donnell et al, 1999), whereas in mice no expression of GALR1 mRNA was found in any piriform cortex region. This curious finding could be explained by the species difference in the piriform cortex distribution of galanin mRNA.…”

Section: Distribution Of Galr1 In the Forebrain Of The Mousementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Two of these, galanin receptor 1 (GALR1) and galanin receptor 2 (GALR2), are highly expressed in the rat brain (Burgevin et al, 1995;Gustafson et al, 1996;Mitchell et al, 1997;O'Donnell et al, 1999;Parker et al, 1995;Waters and Krause, 2000). While a preliminary report of the distribution of GALR2 in the mouse has been published , no anatomical studies in the brain exist for GALR1 in this species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Distribution and regulation of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the forebrain of wild type and galanin-transgenic mice

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-To learn more about molecular alterations in the brain that occur as a consequence of either the chronic excess or absence of peptide neurotransmitters, we examined the impact of genetically manipulating the neuropeptide galanin on the expression of one of its cognate receptors, galanin receptor 1. First, we examined the distribution of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the mouse forebrain, and found it to be abundantly expressed in many brain regions, including in numerous hypothalamic and other forebrain regions associated with neuroendocrine function. The distribution of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the mouse was similar to previous reports in the rat, with additional expression noted in the caudate putamen and in several midbrain regions. Next, using quantitative in situ hybridization, we measured cellular levels of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the brains of mice that either overexpress galanin (galanin transgenic) or lack a functional galanin gene (galanin knockout). We report that relative to wild-type controls, the expression of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA was increased in discrete areas of the brain in galanin-transgenic mice, but that depletion of galanin/noradrenergic innervation to the hypothalamus with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine did not alter levels of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA. We also report that levels of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA were not different between galanin-knockout and wild-type mice. These results suggest that compensatory adjustments in the expression of cognate receptors represent one mechanism by which the developing nervous system attempts to maintain homeostasis in response to overexpression of a peptidergic transmitter. However, the lack of significant changes in galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in galanin-knockout mice suggests that developmentally programmed levels of receptor expression are maintained even in the complete absence of ligand.

show abstract

Section: Distribution Of Galr1 In the Forebrain Of The Mousecontrasting

confidence: 57%

Section: Distribution Of Galr1 In the Forebrain Of The Mousementioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution and regulation of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the forebrain of wild type and galanin-transgenic mice

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Electrophysiological, behavioral, and neurochemical studies have shown that galanin exerts modulatory (mainly inhibitory) effects on both the noradrenergic and serotonergic systems (Seutin et al, 1989;Sevcik et al, 1993;Pieribone et al, 1995;Xu et al, 1998c;Razani et al, 2001;Kehr et al, 2002;see Ö gren et al, 2006). Moreover, in vivo galanin can modulate 5-HT 1A preand postsynaptic receptor functions in an antagonistic manner (see Fuxe et al, 1998;Misane et al, 1998; The action of galanin is mediated via three G proteincoupled receptors, GalR1-GalR3 (see Branchek et al, 2000), which are expressed in the LC, DR, and their projection areas (Xu et al, 1998b, c;O'Donnell et al, 1999;Burazin et al, 2000;Larm et al, 2003;Hawes and Picciotto, 2004;Hawes et al, 2005;Swanson et al, 2005). Among these receptors, GalR1 and GalR3 mainly activate G i/o types of G proteins mediating inhibitory actions of galanin (Habert-Ortoli et al, 1994;Burgevin et al, 1995;Parker et al, 1995;see Branchek et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Role of Galanin Receptors in the Regulation of Depression-Like Behavior and Monoamine/Stress-Related Genes at the Cell Body Level

Kuteeva

Wardi

Lundström

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study on rat examined the role of galanin receptor subtypes in regulation of depression-like behavior as well as potential molecular mechanisms involved in the locus coeruleus (LC) and dorsal raphe (DR). The effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of galanin or galanin receptor GalR1-and GalR2-selective ligands was studied in the forced swim test, followed by quantitative in situ hybridization studies. Naive control, non-treated (swim control), saline-and fluoxetine-treated rats were used as controls in the behavioral and in situ hybridization studies. Subchronic treatment with fluoxetine reduced immobility and climbing time. Intracerebroventricular infusion of galanin, the GalR1 agonist M617 or the GalR2 antagonist M871 increased, while the GalR2(R3) agonist AR-M1896 decreased, immobility time compared to the aCSF-treated animals. Galanin also decreased the time of climbing. Galanin mRNA levels were upregulated by the combination of injection + swim stress in the saline-and the fluoxetine-treated groups in the LC, but not in the DR. Also tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the LC were increased following injection + swim stress in the saline-and fluoxetine-treated rats. Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and serotonin transporter mRNAs were not significantly affected by any treatment. 5-HT 1A mRNA levels were downregulated following i.c.v. galanin, M617 or AR-M1896 infusion. These results indicate a differential role of galanin receptor subtypes in depression-like behavior in rodents: GalR1 subtype may mediate 'prodepressive' and GalR2 'antidepressant' effects of galanin. Galanin has a role in behavioral adaptation to stressful events involving changes of molecules important for noradrenaline and/or serotonin transmission.

show abstract

“…Subsequent electrophysiological studies using slice preparations have shown that galanin can hyperpolarize cell membranes of dorsal raphe neurons in vitro . Recent studies, using quantitative receptor autoradiography and in situ hybridization, have also given evidence that galanin in vivo can affect 5-HT neuronal activity in the dorsal raphe, which is known to contain a high number of 5-HT 1A receptors (Pazos and Palacios 1985), as well as galanin receptors (O'Donnell et al 1999). Thus, intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galanin Is a Potent In Vivo Modulator of Mesencephalic Serotonergic Neurotransmission

Kehr

Yoshitake

Wang

et al. 2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expression of the novel galanin receptor subtype GALR2 in the adult rat CNS: Distinct distribution from GALR1

Cited by 295 publications

References 60 publications

Distribution and regulation of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the forebrain of wild type and galanin-transgenic mice

Distribution and regulation of galanin receptor 1 messenger RNA in the forebrain of wild type and galanin-transgenic mice

Differential Role of Galanin Receptors in the Regulation of Depression-Like Behavior and Monoamine/Stress-Related Genes at the Cell Body Level

Galanin Is a Potent In Vivo Modulator of Mesencephalic Serotonergic Neurotransmission

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About