Expression of the “glanded-plant and glandless-seed” trait of Australian diploid cottons in different genetic backgrounds

Abstract

The expression of the "glanded-plant and glandless-seed" trait was assessed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis methods in different Gossypium hybrids obtained by crossing Australian diploid cottons and various diploid and tetraploid species. Significant variation in the gossypol content in the seed was observed among the analyzed genotypes. HPLC data demonstrated that the gossypol synthesis repression mechanism in the Australian diploid species belonging to C and G genomes was dominant but did not confirm its preferential functioning against A genome species bearing GL 2 locus. About 10% of the produced seeds had total gossypol content lower than the limit imposed by the World Health Organisation (600 ppm) for the use of cotton flour in food and feed. HPLC analysis of the terpenoids aldehyde (TA) contents in the aerial parts of the hybrids showed important qualitative and quantitative variability. This result could indicate a certain separation between pigment gland morphogenesis and terpenoid synthesis mechanisms in cotton.

Genome sequencing of the Australian wild diploid species Gossypium australe highlights disease resistance and delayed gland morphogenesis

“…Gossypium australe has been an important resource in the era of modern cotton genomics. Specifically, G. australe is highly resistant to Verticillium wilt disease (Benkang and Cun, ; Gu et al ., ; Wang et al ., ) and is therefore viewed and has already been used as an important germplasm resource for the genetic improvement of cultivated upland cotton to increase resistance to Verticillium dahliae, seeking the inducement and identification of chromosome introgressions and translocations into G. hirsutum , as well as in the construction of a complete set of alien chromosome addition lines into G. hirsutum that were generated with aim of exploiting G. australe 's distinct traits including glanded‐plant and glandless‐seed and resistances to pests and diseases (Benbouza et al ., ; Chen et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Wang et al ., ).…”

Domestication influences choice behavior and performance of a generalist herbivore

“…However, for larval attraction these differences do not seem to affect behavior. Another possibility is the presence of non-volatile compounds such as the terpenoid raimondal, which can only be found in this species (Stipanovic et al, 1980;Altman et al, 1990). As other cotton terpenoids are known to have anti-xenotic properties (Meisner et al, 1977), raimondal could trigger similar reactions.…”

“…One group of non-volatile compounds that could play a role are cotton terpenoids such as gossypol, which have been shown to deter feeding by S. littoralis larvae (Meisner et al, 1977). Their composition varies between species and genotypes of cotton (Altman et al, 1990), and could therefore be an important factor that affects behavior of S. littoralis. As we did not measure the composition and concentration of these compounds in our plants, it is hard to speculate about this.…”

“…The results of our study suggest that G. raimondii could be an interesting source for resistance traits, as it has proven to be quite unattractive for S. littoralis, although the mechanism of this are still unknown. This species is considered as being closely related to the ancestor of all tetraploid cotton (Wendell et al, 2010) and hybrids between G. raimondii and G. hirsutum have been produced in the past (Altman et al, 1990). Additionally, G. raimondii resistance traits could be used in the development of transgenic plants.…”

Identification and genomic location of a reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis) resistance locus (Ren ari ) introgressed from Gossypium aridum into upland cotton (G. hirsutum)

“…Although difficult, traits of interest have been introgressed from diploid species via hexaploid bridging lines (Robinson et al 2007; Konan et al 2007; Mergeai et al 2009). The most extensive group of bridging lines were developed by researchers at Gembloux Agricultural University (Maréchal 1983; Vroh Bi et al 1999; Mergeai 2003; Ahoton et al 2003; Benbouza et al 2009), but other groups have also produced diploid × tetraploid lines (Beasley 1940, 1942; Brown and Menzel 1950; Muramoto 1969; Fryxell 1976; Brubaker et al 1999). …”