Expression of the AHPND Toxins PirAvp and PirBvp Is Regulated by Components of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus Quorum Sensing (QS) System

Lin, Shin-Jen; Huang, Jong Shin; Le, Phuoc-Thien; Lee, Chung‐Te; Chang, Che-Chang; Yang, Yi Yuan; Su, Emily Chia Yu; Lo, Chu Fang; Wang, Hao Ching

doi:10.3390/ijms23052889

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This suggested the phosphorylation status of LuxO vp controlled by the concentration of the QS signals plays an important role in regulating swarming motility in V. parahaemolyticus . To examine this possibility, the luxO vp WT , luxO vp D47E a mimic of constitutively phosphorylated LuxO vp mutant (Lin et al, 2022) which could inhibit OpaR protein level in V. parahaemolyticus (Figure S3), and luxO vp D47A a mimic of dephosphorylated LuxO vp mutant (Liu et al, 2021) which could up‐regulated OpaR protein level in V. parahaemolyticus (Figure S3) were respectively cloned into an expression vector under the control of the luxO vp native promoter. The clones were transferred to those indicated mutants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum sensing signal synthases enhance Vibrio parahaemolyticus swarming motility

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Yuan³

et al. 2023

Molecular Microbiology

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a significant food‐borne pathogen that is found in diverse aquatic habitats. Quorum sensing (QS), a signaling system for cell–cell communication, plays an important role in V. parahaemolyticus persistence. We characterized the function of three V. parahaemolyticus QS signal synthases, CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp, and show that they are essential to activate QS and regulate swarming. We found that CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp activate a QS bioluminescence reporter through OpaR. However, V. parahaemolyticus exhibits swarming defects in the absence of CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp, but not OpaR. The swarming defect of this synthase mutant (termed Δ3AI) was recovered by overexpressing either LuxOvpD47A, a mimic of dephosphorylated LuxOvp mutant, or the scrABC operon. CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp inhibit lateral flagellar (laf) gene expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of LuxOvp and the expression of scrABC. Phosphorylated LuxOvp enhances laf gene expression in a mechanism that involves modulating c‐di‐GMP levels. However, enhancing swarming requires phosphorylated and dephosphorylated LuxOvp which is regulated by the QS signals that are synthesized by CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp. The data presented here suggest an important strategy of swarming regulation by the integration of QS and c‐di‐GMP signaling pathways in V. parahaemolyticus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quorum sensing signal synthases enhance Vibrio parahaemolyticus swarming motility

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Yuan³

et al. 2023

Molecular Microbiology

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“…Another recent report further suggested that the mRNA and protein expressions of pirA vp / pirB vp were related to the quorum sensing (QS) system and low pH [ 49 ] . QS is a cell density-dependent process that is seen in many bacteria, including V .…”

Section: The Expression Control Activation and Cytotoxic Mechanism Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, the QS system also regulates the expression of virulence factors, such as the type III secretion systems, type VI secretion systems, and the thermostable direct hemolysin genes tdh1 and tdh2 [ 52 – 54 ] . Lin and colleagues showed that an important regulator of the QS system, LuxO vp , is a negative regulator of the pirA vp and pirB vp toxin genes [ 49 ] . In addition, a transcription factor in the QS system, AphB vp , was confirmed to bind with the predicted promoter region of pirA vp / pirB vp [ 49 ] .…”

Section: The Expression Control Activation and Cytotoxic Mechanism Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lin and colleagues showed that an important regulator of the QS system, LuxO vp , is a negative regulator of the pirA vp and pirB vp toxin genes [ 49 ] . In addition, a transcription factor in the QS system, AphB vp , was confirmed to bind with the predicted promoter region of pirA vp / pirB vp [ 49 ] . In V .…”

Section: The Expression Control Activation and Cytotoxic Mechanism Of...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A bacterial binary toxin system that kills both insects and aquatic crustaceans: Photorhabdus insect-related toxins A and B

et al. 2023

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Photorhabdus insect-related toxins A and B (PirA and PirB) were first recognized as insecticidal toxins from Photorhabdus luminescens. However, subsequent studies showed that their homologs from Vibrio parahaemolyticus also play critical roles in the pathogenesis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimps. Based on the structural features of the PirA/PirB toxins, it was suggested that they might function in the same way as a Bacillus thuringiensis Cry pore-forming toxin. However, unlike Cry toxins, studies on the PirA/PirB toxins are still scarce, and their cytotoxic mechanism remains to be clarified. In this review, based on our studies of V. parahaemolyticus PirAvp/PirBvp, we summarize the current understanding of the gene locations, expression control, activation, and cytotoxic mechanism of this type of toxin. Given the important role these toxins play in aquatic disease and their potential use in pest control applications, we also suggest further topics for research. We hope the information presented here will be helpful for future PirA/PirB studies.

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“…In the early log phase of the growth curve, the Vibrio strains showed an increase in the gene expression of PirAVP and PirBVP proteins, and this persisted into the log phase. It was discovered that the change in gene expression of PirAVP and PirBVP proteins was regulated by QS [ 52 ].…”

Section: Bacterial Membrane Interaction With Host Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host–Bacterial Interactions: Outcomes of Antimicrobial Peptide Applications

et al. 2022

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The bacterial membrane is part of a secretion system which plays an integral role to secrete proteins responsible for cell viability and pathogenicity; pathogenic bacteria, for example, secrete virulence factors and other membrane-associated proteins to invade the host cells through various types of secretion systems (Type I to Type IX). The bacterial membrane can also mediate microbial communities’ communication through quorum sensing (QS), by secreting auto-stimulants to coordinate gene expression. QS plays an important role in regulating various physiological processes, including bacterial biofilm formation while providing increased virulence, subsequently leading to antimicrobial resistance. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria have emerged as a threat to global health, and various strategies targeting QS and biofilm formation have been explored by researchers worldwide. Since the bacterial secretion systems play such a crucial role in host–bacterial interactions, this review intends to outline current understanding of bacterial membrane systems, which may provide new insights for designing approaches aimed at antimicrobials discovery. Various mechanisms pertaining interaction of the bacterial membrane with host cells and antimicrobial agents will be highlighted, as well as the evolution of bacterial membranes in evasion of antimicrobial agents. Finally, the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as a cellular device for bacterial secretion systems will be discussed as emerging potential candidates for the treatment of multidrug resistance infections.

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Expression of the AHPND Toxins PirAvp and PirBvp Is Regulated by Components of the Vibrio parahaemolyticus Quorum Sensing (QS) System

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Quorum sensing signal synthases enhance Vibrio parahaemolyticus swarming motility

Quorum sensing signal synthases enhance Vibrio parahaemolyticus swarming motility

A bacterial binary toxin system that kills both insects and aquatic crustaceans: Photorhabdus insect-related toxins A and B

Host–Bacterial Interactions: Outcomes of Antimicrobial Peptide Applications

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