Expression of Tansketolase TKTL1 in Iraqi Breast Cancer Females

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women around the world.TKTL1 is major enzyme in the non oxidative reaction in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) pathway lead to lactate production and only increases aerobic glycolysis that contributes to carcinogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the TKTL1gene expression in breast cancer patients and its relationship with patients clinical characteristics.. Methods: The study included detection of TKTL1gene expression in 50 Iraqi breast cancer patients and 25 healthy controls using qPCR technology. Results: Increasing level of folding gene expression (FE) for the TKTL1 gene compared to the control group was found in breast cancer females. No significant differences in TKTL1 gene expression depend ages were found in this study. It was observed that the level of FE on the right side increased by an average 5.06 in 46% (23/50) compared with 4.22 fold on the left side in 54 % (27/50). Significant differences depending on the tumor site (P≤0.05) were observed in this study. An increase of FE (4.96) for the TKTL1 gene was found in Invasive Ductal Carcinomas (IDC) of breast tumors with a significant association. The results also showed a high rate of TKTL1 FE (4.65) in 78% (39/50) of patients with The second grade of tumor compared to (1.48) in the control group with high significant association (P≤0.01). A significant association between FE of TKTL1 gene expression and tumor grade (P≤0.01). The results refer to an increase of FE (6.39) for KTL1gene in 12% (6/50) and (4.90) in 42% (50/21) patients with stage I stage and II respectively The results were showed significant differences depending on breast cancer stage (P≤0.01). Conclusions: High level of TKTL1gene expression gene was found in Iraqi females with breast cancer with significant relation depending on site, type, second grade, and stage of breast cancer on the right side. The study indicated that the expression of TKTL1gene maybe act as a biomarker for early detection of breast cancer.