Expression of some neurotrophins in the spinal motoneurons after cord hemisection in adult rats

Oligodendrocyte Fate after Spinal Cord Injury

“…Neurotrophin (NT-3) promotes OPC survival and proliferation by activating the Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling cascade [96,100,101]. After SCI, increased levels of NT-3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been detected in rats and primates [102][103][104]. Interestingly, transplantation of fibroblasts overexpressing NT-3 or BDNF significantly increased the number of new OLs and myelinated axons after SCI, suggesting that these signaling pathways can be enhanced [105].…”

Effects of a Single Dose of Methylprednisolone versus Three Doses of Rosiglitazone on Nerve Growth Factor Levels after Spinal Cord Injury

“…16 It can protect dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons from cell death and promote sensory axon regeneration. 17,18 Neurotrophic factors are essential for the development, normal function and survival of septohippocampal cholinergic neurons. 19 In addition to potent neurotrophic activity, these molecules act as protective agents by rescuing neuronal cells after injury to specific neuronal pathways.…”

“…Robust expression of NGF mRNA peaked in the injured spinal cord at 72 h and was maintained to at least 168 h after injury, whereas BDNF expression peaked 144 h after injury and was maintained to at least 168 h. The present study indicated that NGF protein plays an important role in the spinal cord after injury and this is probably through its trophic effects on motor neurons and/or on other neurons. 17,18 The increased levels of NGF and BDNF mRNAs could either lead to the production of more proteins that contribute to axon growth to repair the damaged primary afferent arbour, or cause the spared fibres to respond to the damage.…”

Estratégia terapêutica após contusão da medula espinhal: recuperação funcional e estabilidade cortical sensório-motora

“…Em um adulto normal, os neurônios e as células da glia da medula espinhal e do encéfalo produzem neurotrofinas e/ou mostram respostas mediadas por receptores para as neurotrofinas, incluindo o fator neurotrófico derivado do cérebro (brain derivated neurotrophic factor, BDNF), o fator de crescimento de nervo (nerve growth factor, NGF) e a neurotrofina-3 (neurotrophin-3, NT-3) (Dougherty et al, 2000;Qin et al, 2006). Quando ocorrem danos ao sistema nervoso central ou periférico, a introdução de fatores neurotróficos no foco lesão, ou até mesmo administração oral ou intraperitoneal de estimuladores de síntese desses fatores, têm mostrado resultados benéficos na indução de crescimento neuronal, tanto proximal como distalmente ao corpo do neurônio, reduzindo a atrofia dos neurônios que se projetam para a medula e promovendo a regeneração axonal (Jakeman et al, 1998;Murakami et al, 2002;Zhou e Shine, 2003;Brown et al, 2004).…”

“…A presença abundante de neurotrofinas é capaz de promover não somente uma neuroproteção e potencialização de atividades regenerativas, mas também uma reorganização sináptica (Qin et al, 2006). O aumento dos fatores neurotróficos induz uma reativação mitótica nas células precursoras de oligodendrócitos, o que serve como uma nova fonte celular de oligodendrócitos e, consequentemente, de mielinização (Zai e Wrathall, 2005).…”