Expression of small intestinal nutrient transporters in embryonic and posthatch turkeys

Abstract

Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine through a variety of transporter proteins, which have not been as well characterized in turkeys as in chickens. The objective of this study was to profile the mRNA expression of amino acid and monosaccharide transporters in the small intestine of male and female turkeys. Jejunum was collected during embryonic development (embryonic d 21 and 24, and d of hatch (DOH)) and duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected in a separate experiment during posthatch development (DOH, d 7, 14, 21, and 28). Real-time PCR was used to determine expression of aminopeptidase N (APN), one peptide (PepT1), 6 amino acid (ASCT1, b(o,+)AT, CAT1, EAAT3, LAT1, y(+)LAT2) and 3 monosaccharide (GLUT2, GLUT5, SGLT1) transporters. Data were analyzed by ANOVA using JMP Pro 11.0. APN, b(o,+)AT, PepT1, y(+)LAT2, GLUT5, and SGLT1 showed increased expression from embryonic d 21 and 24 to DOH. During posthatch, all genes except GLUT2 and SGLT1 were expressed greater in females than males. GLUT2 was expressed the same in males as females and SGLT1 was expressed greater in males than females. All basolateral membrane transporters were expressed greater during early development then decreased with age, while the brush border membrane transporters EAAT3, GLUT5, and SGLT1 showed increased expression later in development. Because turkeys showed high-level expression of the anionic amino acid transporter EAAT3, a direct comparison of tissue-specific expression of EAAT3 between chicken and turkey was conducted. The anionic amino acid transporter EAAT3 showed 6-fold greater expression in the ileum of turkeys at d 14 compared to chickens. This new knowledge can be used not only to better formulate turkey diets to accommodate increased glutamate transport, but also to optimize nutrition for both sexes.

Development of small intestine and sugar absorptive capacity in goslings during pre- and post-hatching periods

“…In chicks, Gilbert et al (2007) and Sklan et al (2003) reported that the expression of SGLT-1, GLUT-2, and SI genes increased with age. Similar results were also observed in pigeons and turkeys ( Dong et al, 2012a ; Weintraut et al, 2016 ). Additionally, Weintraut et al (2016) studied the GLUT-2 expression in turkeys during post-hatching period, they found that the expression of GLUT-2 decreased with age.…”

“…Similar results were also observed in pigeons and turkeys ( Dong et al, 2012a ; Weintraut et al, 2016 ). Additionally, Weintraut et al (2016) studied the GLUT-2 expression in turkeys during post-hatching period, they found that the expression of GLUT-2 decreased with age. Barfull et al (2002) observed the SGLT-1 expression in chicks decreased with age during the first week post-hatching.…”

Age‐related intestinal monosaccharides transporters expression and villus surface area increase in broiler and layer chickens

“…We have previously reported that the expression levels of these transporters are up-regulated from embryonic day 18 to day 3 and are maintained at a certain level of expression up to day 14 (Li et al, 2008). Related studies examining the mRNA expression levels of these transporters support the effect of age on transporter expression in the avian intestine (Dong, Wang, Yuan, & Zou, 2012;Gilbert et al, 2007;Weintraut, Kim, Dalloul, & Wong, 2016). Our results showed the down-regulated part of these transporters' expression patterns.…”

L-Tryptophan Differentially Regulated Glucose and Amino Acid Transporters in the Small Intestine of Rat Challenged with Lipopolysaccharide

“…Furthermore, the expression of the aspartate and glutamate transporter EAAT3 was upregulated by LPS challenge and Trp supplementation before the onset of gut inflammation dramatically increased EAAT3 expression. A study regarding the expression of EAAT3 in the intestines of turkey and mice showed that the expression of EAAT3 was higher than that of other AA transporters and that the expression was gut-segment-specific in the small intestine [ 31 , 32 ]. The above findings suggest that the response of EAAT3 to luminal stimuli such as AAs in the small intestine may be sensitive to other AA transporters.…”