Expression of rotavirus VP2 produces empty corelike particles

Labbé, M.; Charpilienne, Annie; Crawford, Sue E.; Estes, Mary K.; Cohen, Jean

doi:10.1128/jvi.65.6.2946-2952.1991

Cited by 182 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The virions have a triple capsid (Labbé et al, 1991;Rothnagel et al, 1994). The outer capsid is composed of the glycoprotein VP7, with spikes composed of VP4, the intermediate capsid is formed by VP6, and the inner capsid is enclosed by VP2 and contains VP1 and VP3 (Fig.…”

Section: Rotavirus Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Bailey

Gilkerson

Browning

2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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Equine rotaviruses were first detected in foals over 30 years ago and remain a major cause of infectious diarrhoea in foals. During this time, there has been substantial progress in the development of sensitive methods to detect rotaviruses in foals, enabling surveillance of the genotypes present in various horse populations. However, there has been limited epidemiological investigation into the significance of these circulating genotypes, their correlation with disease and the use of vaccination in these animal populations. Our knowledge of the pathogenesis of rotavirus infection in foals is based on a limited number of studies on a small number of foals and, therefore, most of our understanding in this area has been extrapolated from studies in other species. Questions such as the concentrations of rotavirus particles shed in the faeces of infected foals, both with and without diarrhoea, and factors determining the presence or absence of clinical disease remain to be investigated, as does the relative and absolute efficacy of currently available vaccines. The answer to these questions may help direct research into the development of more effective control measures.

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Section: Rotavirus Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Bailey

Gilkerson

Browning

2013

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…See also color insert. assembling into stable virus-like particles (VLPs) (Labb~ et al, 1991;Crawford et al, 1994). The VP2 layer serves as a scaffold for the assembly of the intermediate layer, which consists of 780 copies of a 45 kDa protein (VP6) arranged as 260 trimers on a T=13(levo) icosahedral lattice.…”

Section: Rotavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of genome transcription in segmented dsRNA viruses

Lawton

Estes

Prasad

2000

Advances in Virus Research

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Genome transcription is a critical stage in the life cycle of a virus, as this is the process by which the viral genetic information is presented to the host cell protein synthesis machinery for the production of the viral proteins needed for genome replication and progeny virion assembly. Viruses with dsRNA genomes face a particular challenge in that host cells do not produce proteins which can transcribe from a dsRNA template. Therefore, dsRNA viruses contain all of the necessary enzymatic machinery to synthesize complete mRNA transcripts within the core without the need for disassembly. Indeed one of the more striking observations about genome transcription in dsRNA viruses is that this process occurs efficiently only when the transcriptionally competent particle is fully intact. This observation suggests that all of the components of the TCP, including the viral genome, the transcription enzymes, and the viral capsid, function together to produce and release mRNA transcripts and that each component has a specific and critical role to play in promoting the efficiency of this process. This review has examined the process of genome transcription in dsRNA viruses from the perspective of rotavirus as a model system. However, despite numerous architectural and organizational differences among the families of dsRNA viruses, numerous studies suggest that the basic mechanism of mRNA production may be similar in most, if not all, viruses having dsRNA genomes. Important functional similarities include (1) the presence of a capsid-bound RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which produces single-stranded mRNA transcripts from the dsRNA genome and regenerates the dsRNA genome from single-stranded RNA templates; (2) in viruses infecting eukaryotic hosts, the presence of all the enzymatic activities needed to generate the 5' cap required by the eukaryotic translation machinery; (3) the high degree of structural order present in the packaged genome, suggesting the requirement for organization in the viral core; (4) the role of the innermost capsid protein as a scaffold on which the core components of the transcription apparatus are assembled; and (5) the release of nascent mRNA transcripts through channels at the icosahedral vertices. The process of genome transcription in dsRNA viruses will become better understood as structural studies progress to higher resolution and as more viruses become amenable to study using site-directed mutagenesis coupled with viral reconstitution to generate recombinant particles having precise functional and structural changes. Future studies will dissect important intermolecular interactions required for efficient mRNA synthesis and will shed further light on the reasons for which the viral core must be structurally intact in order for transcription to occur efficiently. Structural studies of the capping enzymes at atomic resolution will reveal how multiple enzyme activities reside within a single polypeptide and how they act in concert to synthesize the 5' cap on the end of each mature transcript. Pe...

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“…Several reports have demonstrated selfassembly of different types of RV VLPs from capsid proteins expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Expression of single VP2 protein resulted in the formation of empty core-like particles, while co-expression of VP2 and VP6 from heterologous RV strains (bovine and simian) yielded assembled, double-layered VLPs [38]. The central role of VP2 in RV VLP assembly was further confirmed by expressing different combinations of VP proteins and characterizing the resultant VLPs [194].…”

Section: Insect Cellsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…1A). This approach has been used to develop vaccines against such pathogens as HPV [37] and RV [38]. Non-enveloped VLPs continue to be explored as a preferred approach for developing SUVs against a number of pathogens, including canine, mink and porcine parvoviruses, using VP2 protein expressed in insect cells [39][40][41][42][43], and Norwalk virus (NV), using the self-assembling 58 kDa capsid protein produced in in vitro transcription-translation and baculovirus recombinant expression systems [44].…”

Section: Non-enveloped Vlpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-like particles as a highly efficient vaccine platform: Diversity of targets and production systems and advances in clinical development

Kushnir

Streatfield

Yusibov

2012

Vaccine

493

395

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Virus-like particles (VLPs) are a class of subunit vaccines that differentiate themselves from soluble recombinant antigens by stronger protective immunogenicity associated with the VLP structure. Like parental viruses, VLPs can be either non-enveloped or enveloped, and they can form following expression of one or several viral structural proteins in a recombinant heterologous system. Depending on the complexity of the VLP, it can be produced in either a prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression system using target-encoding recombinant vectors, or in some cases can be assembled in cell-free conditions. To date, a wide variety of VLP-based candidate vaccines targeting various viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal pathogens, as well as non-infectious diseases, have been produced in different expression systems. Some VLPs have entered clinical development and a few have been licensed and commercialized. This article reviews VLP-based vaccines produced in different systems, their immunogenicity in animal models and their status in clinical development.

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Expression of rotavirus VP2 produces empty corelike particles

Cited by 182 publications

References 29 publications

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Equine rotaviruses—Current understanding and continuing challenges

Mechanism of genome transcription in segmented dsRNA viruses

Virus-like particles as a highly efficient vaccine platform: Diversity of targets and production systems and advances in clinical development

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