Expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with Metastasis

Liu, Yuqiong; Lou, Xi; Guo, Ke; Lei, Jiao; Li, Huixiang

doi:10.5402/2011/680890

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…Positive PRL-3 expression was found in 78% of the primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) on immunohistochemistry [13]. Another study of ESCC found the frequencies of PRL-3 mRNA expression were significantly higher in human ESCC than in normal esophageal tissue [14]. In this study, it was found that expression of PRL-3 in SCC was higher than that in normal and CINII-III, as well as higher in CINII-III than in normal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

2010

Med Oncol

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To investigate the significance of PRL-3 expression in progression and metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCC). PRL-3 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 22 normal cervical epithelia, 30 moderate-severe dysplasia (CIN II-III) and 90 SCC cases. A total of 28 patients with SCC had lymph node metastasis, and PRL-3 expression of metastatic lymph node was detected. The association between PRL-3 expression and various clinical pathological variables in 90 patients with SCC was analyzed. Expression of PRL-3 in SCC was higher than that in normal and CINII-III, as well as higher in CINII-III than in normal (P<0.05 in all instances). PRL-3 expression was significantly different between different tumor sizes, lymph-vascular space invasion status and lymph node metastasis status (P<0.05 in all instances). PRL-3 expression in lymph node metastasis was significantly higher than that in primary SCC (P=0.049). In lymph node metastasis, the frequency of staining in cytoplasm predominantly was higher than that in matched primary cancers (P=0.001). PRL-3 may be involved in carcinogenesis of cervix and lymph node metastases of SCC and serves as an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with SCC. PRL-3 localization in plasma may be related with cancer progress and metastasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

2010

Med Oncol

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“…PRL-1 and -3 exhibit 79% sequence identity, and PRL-2 and -3 have 76% sequence identity (21). PRLs are highly preserved in mammalians and there is also high level of homology among mammalian PRLs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver gene family in non-small cell lung cancer

Lee

2011

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. Protein tyrosine phophatases (PTPs) are implicated in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of human cancer. The phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) gene family, a subgroup of PTPs is also linked to these processes. In many solid cancers, high levels of PRL-3 expression are related with metastasis and poor prognosis. However, the expression patterns of PRL-1 and -2 have not been explored in lung cancer yet. Thus, we investigated the expression levels of PRL-1, -2 and -3 in the tissues of primary lung cancer patients. The protein expression levels of PRL-2, but not PRL-1 and -3 were increased in cancer tissues. However, there was no correlation between mRNA and protein expression levels of the PRLs. Reporter assays showed that PRLs suppressed the activity of the p21 promoter but promoted AP-1 activity. Furthermore, transfection of PRLs showed significantly increased cell proliferation. Therefore, these results suggest that PRL-2 plays an important role in lung cancer and can be a biomarker of lung cancer, substituting for the function of other PRLs.

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“…Up-regulated PRL-3 has been found in gastric carcinomas and was found to be significantly correlated to lymph node metastasis (25,26,27,28,29,30,31). Ovarian (32,33), liver (34,35), oral (36), cervical (37), esophageal (38), lung cancer (39,40), multiple myeloma (9,41), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (42,43), and nasopharyngeal cancer (44) virtually all have been shown to exhibit high levels of PRL-3 expression. As with CRC, breast cancer, and gastric cancer, PRL-3 overexpression is overwhelmingly correlated with poor prognosis and progression to metastasis in all of the aforementioned cancer types (Table 1).…”

Section: Role Of Prl In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphatase of regenerating liver: a novel target for cancer therapy

Campbell

Zhang

2014

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Importance in the Field Phosphatases of Regenerating Liver (PRLs) are novel oncogenes that interact with many, well-established cell signaling pathways that are misregulated in cancer and is known to drive cancer metastasis when overexpressed. Areas Covered in this Review This review will cover basic information of the discovery and characteristics of the PRL family. We will also report findings on the role of PRL in cancer, cell functions, and cell signaling. Furthermore, PRL’s suitability as a novel drug target will be discussed along with current methods being developed to facilitate PRL inhibition. Expert Opinion PRLs show great potential as novel drug targets for anti-cancer therapeutics. Studies indicate that PRL can perturb major cancer pathways such as Src/ERK1/2 and PTEN/PI3K/Akt. Upregulation of PRLs has also been shown to drive cancer metastasis. However, in order to fully realize its therapeutic potential, a deeper understanding of the function of PRL in normal tissue and in cancer must be obtained. Novel and integrated biochemical, chemical biological and genetic approaches will be needed to identify PRL substrate(s) and to provide proof-of-concept data on the druggability of the PRL phosphatases.

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Expression of Phosphatase Regenerating Liver-1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with Metastasis

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

Expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver-3 in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix

Altered expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver gene family in non-small cell lung cancer

Phosphatase of regenerating liver: a novel target for cancer therapy

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