2008
DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2008000400012
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Expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the hippocampal formation in affective disorders

Abstract: Hippocampal output is increased in affective disorders and is mediated by increased glutamatergic input via N-methyl-Daspartate (NMDA) receptor and moderated by antidepressant treatment. Activation of NMDA receptors by glutamate evokes the release of nitric oxide (NO) by the activation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The human hippocampus contains a high density of NMDA receptors and nNOS-expressing neurons suggesting the existence of an NMDA-NO transduction pathway which can be involved in the patho… Show more

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Cited by 110 publications
(57 citation statements)
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References 35 publications
(42 reference statements)
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“…The findings are compatible with findings in rodents implicating NOS1 in behavioural, neural, and endocrine responses to stress (Zhou et al, 2011). In humans, post-mortem studies have shown altered NOS1 levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (Gao et al, 2013) and hippocampus (Oliveira et al 2008) of depressed patients compared with non-depressed individuals, and the NOS1 SNP rs6490121 has been associated with changes in prefrontal cortical function and grey matter density (Rose et al, 2012).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…The findings are compatible with findings in rodents implicating NOS1 in behavioural, neural, and endocrine responses to stress (Zhou et al, 2011). In humans, post-mortem studies have shown altered NOS1 levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (Gao et al, 2013) and hippocampus (Oliveira et al 2008) of depressed patients compared with non-depressed individuals, and the NOS1 SNP rs6490121 has been associated with changes in prefrontal cortical function and grey matter density (Rose et al, 2012).…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…45 In contrast, NOS expression is increased in brain obtained post mortem from patients suffering from depression. 52 The reason for this contradiction could be…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) or treatment-refractory depression is a term used in clinical psychiatry to describe cases of major depressive disorder that do not respond to adequate courses of at least two antidepressants. Clinical studies indicate elevated plasma nitrate levels and increased nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in the hippocampus of depressed patients (De Oliveira et al, 2008). The prevalence of depression during life is 17-19% and suicide during depression is 15% (Kessler et al, 1994).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%