Expression of MIF and TNFA in psoriatic arthritis: relationship with Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokine profiles and clinical variables

Abstract

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with psoriasis. The cause of this pathology is still unknown, but research suggests the diseases are caused by a deregulated cytokine production. MIF is a cytokine associated with immunomodulation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokine profiles in inflammatory diseases. Based on this knowledge, the aim of this study was to determine the association of MIF and TNFA expression with Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokine profiles in serum levels of PsA patients. A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 PsA patients and 30 control subjects (CS). The cytokine profiles were quantified by BioPlex MagPix system and the mRNA expression levels by real-time PCR. TNFA mRNA expression was 138.81-folds higher in PsA patients than CS (p < 0.001). Regarding MIF mRNA expression, no significant differences were observed; however, a positive correlation was identified between MIF mRNA expression and PsA time of evolution (r = - 0.53, p = 0.009). An increase of Th1 (IFNγ: PsA = 37.1 pg/mL vs. CS = 17 pg/mL, p < 0.05; TNFα: PsA = 24.6 pg/mL vs. CS = 9.8 pg/mL, p < 0.0001) and Th17 cytokine profiles (IL-17: PsA = 6.4 pg/mL vs. CS = 2.7 pg/mL, p < 0.05; IL-22: PsA = 8.4 pg/mL vs. CS = 1.8 pg/mL, p < 0.001), were found in PsA patients. Th2 cytokines were not significantly different in both groups. In conclusion, a high expression of TNFA mRNA, as well as an increase of Th1 and Th17 cytokine profiles evaluated by IFNγ, TNFα, IL-17, and IL-22 cytokines, was observed in PsA patients.

Therapeutic Effects of Gleditsia sinensis Thorn Extract Fermented by Lactobacillus casei 3260 in a Type II Collagen-Induced Rheumatoid Arthritis Mouse Model

“…3. TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine in the serum and may also be the indicator of severity of inflammation (Bautista-Herrera et al, 2018). In our experiments, TNF-α level was dramatically increased by RA induction, and these elevations were recovered by either FK506 medication or each treatment (Fig.…”

Profiling and multivariate analysis of serum cytokines in patients with generalized pustular psoriasis

“…This finding differs from prior studies of patients with psoriasis, which found that levels of serum Th2 cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-10, were unaffected. [14][15][16][17] This discrepancy may arise because GPP is associated with an immune regulation network that is overlapping but distinct from that of psoriasis vulgaris, as revealed by a recent gene profiling study. 7 Moreover, a serum cytokine analysis in six patients with GPP indicated that levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were considerably associated with disease severity.…”

A potential inflammatory role of IL-31 in psoriatic arthritis: A correlation with Th17 cytokine profile

“…2,5 It is well established that PsA is an IL-17/IL-23 axismediated disease with a strong deregulation of proinflammatory cytokine production. 1,16 IL-17 is a cytokine family of six members named IL-17A to IL-17F, synthesized mainly by Th17 cells, which are differentiated from naïve T cells through several cytokine combinations such as IL-1β and IL-23 in the presence of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL-21, and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). [17][18][19] The expression of the Th17 cell effector molecules depends on their master regulator, the transcription factor RORγt, encoded by the RORC gene, which is activated by the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), under the stimulation of polarizing cytokines.…”

“…27 This positive correlation between IL-17A and TNFα has previously been observed at the systemic level in PsA patients in our population. 16 In inflammatory arthritis, IL-17A can induce MMP production driving the degradation of the extracellular matrix in the joint. 28 In addition, IL-17A can upregulate the RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β) ligand on osteoblasts and T cells, promoting osteoclast activation and consequently bone destruction.…”